What are the main uses of 1,1-diiodomethane?
1,1-Dichloroethane coloring liquid. In ancient times, this material was used, but it can be used for similar materials. Ancient books such as "Tiangong Wuwu" pay attention to the use of the material, and the following ancient words are used to promote its possible uses.
First, because of its solubility, or it can be used for cleaning. If ancient utensils are stained with oil and dirt, they can be dissolved in a similar liquid. For example, the solubility of 1,1-dichloroethane is required for utensils in "Kaogong". The solubility of 1,1-dichloroethane can clear the scale of utensils and jade utensils, making them look like new. With its use in dirt, wipe it, and remove the scale.
Second, because it is certain and qualitative and boiling, or can be used in some special processes. In the process of ink making, it is necessary to disperse the material uniformly. 1,1-dichloroethane can be used as a solution to disperse the material such as pine, such as the uniformity of the material for ink making, as described in "Tiangong Mushu · Ink". In some dyeing processes, it may be able to help the dye to be uniformly colored, so that the color is bright and uniform. For example, in ancient books, dyeing for positive and uniform color, 1,1-dichloroethane may be able to help.
Third, because of its flammability, it can be used as a combustion aid under the limited conditions of ancient lighting parts. Ancient oil lighting is large and weak. If 1,1-dichloroethane is mixed into the oil, it can support combustion and make the fire more prosperous and the light brighter. However, due to its toxicity, it is necessary to use it with caution to prevent harm to the body.
What are the physical properties of 1,1-diiodomethane?
1-Dichloroethane, also known as 1,1-dichloroethane, is a halogenated hydrocarbon. Its physical properties are as follows:
- ** Appearance and Properties **: It presents a colorless liquid with an ether smell. This appearance feature makes it easy to identify intuitively. The colorless state indicates its high purity, and the ether smell is its typical odor characteristic, which can be used to preliminarily determine the substance category.
- ** Melting Point and Boiling Point **: The melting point is -96.7 ° C, and the boiling point is 57.3 ° C. The lower melting point means that it is more likely to exist in liquid form at room temperature, while the relatively low boiling point indicates that it is easy to transform into a gaseous state under moderate heating conditions. In industrial production and experimental operations, it is necessary to carefully control the temperature to avoid its rapid volatilization.
- ** Density **: The relative density (water = 1) is 1.17, which is heavier than water, so when mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom. This property is very important in the separation and storage of substances, and it is necessary to choose the appropriate container and separation method according to its density characteristics.
- ** Solubility **: Slightly soluble in water, miscible in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. This solubility characteristic determines that it is widely used in the fields of organic synthesis and extraction. It can be used as a good solvent to dissolve many organic compounds and help chemical reactions and material purification.
- ** Volatile **: It is highly volatile and can quickly change from liquid to gaseous at room temperature and pressure and escape into the air. This requires that when storing and using 1-dichloroethane, good ventilation conditions must be ensured to prevent it from accumulating in the air and causing safety hazards.
- ** Refractive index **: The refractive index is about 1.4166. As one of the important physical constants of the substance, the refractive index can be used to identify the purity and concentration of the substance. By measuring the refractive index of 1-dichloroethane, it can be judged whether it is pure or contains impurities.
Is the chemical properties of 1,1-diiodomethane stable?
1-Dichloroethane is a colorless or light yellow transparent liquid, and its chemical properties are relatively stable.
1-Dichloroethane is not prone to spontaneous chemical changes such as decomposition at room temperature and pressure. Under normal storage conditions, as long as it avoids contact with strong oxidants, strong bases and other substances that can initiate violent reactions, it can maintain its own chemical structure and properties. For example, when stored in a sealed, cool, dry environment, it will not easily deteriorate.
However, 1-Dichloroethane is not absolutely stable. Vaporization occurs if it is exposed to high temperatures, such as when the temperature reaches its boiling point (about 83.5 ° C) or above. And under high temperature, light and the presence of suitable initiators, it may undergo free radical reactions, such as further substitution reactions with chlorine under light to form polychloroethane. When it encounters strong oxidants, such as potassium permanganate, etc., an oxidation reaction may occur, resulting in changes in molecular structure. When encountering strong bases, such as alcoholic solutions of sodium hydroxide, an elimination reaction will occur to form products such as vinyl chloride.
In general, under common general conditions, the chemical properties of 1-dichloroethane are relatively stable, but in the presence of specific extreme conditions or specific chemical substances, its chemical properties will change and participate in various chemical reactions.
What are the precautions for storing 1,1-diiodomethane?
1 - Dimethyl ether is not suitable for storage, so pay attention to the following things:
First, it is a good place to be dry and dry. This property is prone to moisture, and the tide is easy to cause it to be damaged, so it needs to be avoided. And the high temperature may also lead to the change of the property. It is appropriate to store it in order to ensure its chemical properties.
Second, it must be a source of fire. 1 - Dimethyl ether is flammable. If it is close to the fire source or source, if it is not careful, it may become a fire source and endanger the safety of the surrounding area.
Third, it should be stored separately. Do not store oxides, acids, etc. together. Due to its chemical activity, when this material is not encountered, it is easy to cause chemical reactions, which may cause damage to the property, and may lead to explosions and other situations.
Fourth, the container is sealed and sealed. In addition to preventing it from being damaged, it can also block the connection of external air, moisture, etc., to prevent unnecessary melting and correct the quality of its products.
Fifth, proper cleaning. On the storage container, it is clear that the name of the product, the price, and the date of storage are important, which is convenient for the management and use of the date, and can also avoid the risk of use.
Of course, 1-dimethyl ether is not stored, and each product needs to be secretly considered to ensure the safety of its use.
What are the environmental effects of 1,1-diiodomethane?
1,1-Dichloroethane is a toxic organic compound that has a serious impact on the environment, as detailed below:
Atmospheric environment
1,1-Dichloroethane is volatile, escapes into the atmosphere, and undergoes complex photochemical reactions with light and oxygen. It participates in the reaction process of generating ozone. Under sunlight, it can interact with nitrogen oxides and other nitrogen oxides to increase the concentration of ozone near the ground. High concentrations of ozone near the ground are harmful to organisms, can irritate the human respiratory tract, cause symptoms such as cough and asthma, and can also cause damage to plant leaves, affecting plant photosynthesis and growth and development. And it can be retained and transmitted in the atmosphere for a long time, with a wide range of effects.
Water environment
If 1,1-dichloroethane enters the water body, it will sink to the bottom because it is insoluble in water but heavier than water. This substance is significantly toxic to aquatic organisms and will interfere with the physiological functions of aquatic organisms, affecting their reproduction, growth and survival. For example, it will damage the gill tissue of fish, affect gas exchange, and cause fish to suffocate; it may also cause genetic mutations in aquatic organisms. In the long run, it will disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems and change species diversity and community structure.
Soil environment
After 1,1-dichloroethane enters the soil, it will adsorb on the surface of soil particles, affecting the activity and community structure of soil microorganisms. Soil microorganisms are crucial to nutrient cycling and decomposition of organic matter in soil. If their activity is inhibited, it will hinder the degradation of organic matter and nutrient transformation in soil, resulting in a decrease in soil fertility. At the same time, 1,1-dichloroethane may seep down with soil moisture, pollute groundwater, and threaten the safety of groundwater resources.
To sum up, 1,1-dichloroethane is harmful to the environment in many aspects. It is necessary to strengthen control to prevent its wanton discharge and maintain the health and stability of the ecological environment.
