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What are the main uses of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene?
2-Bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene, or 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene, is widely used.
In the field of organic synthesis, it is often a key intermediate. Organic synthesis aims to create various organic compounds. There are bromine, fluorine and iodine halogen atoms attached to the 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene ring, which have unique chemical activities. Halogen atoms can be replaced by other functional groups through many chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions. For example, under suitable conditions, bromine atoms can react with nucleophiles containing hydroxyl groups and amino groups to derive new compounds with different structures. This property allows chemists to build complex organic molecular structures, which is of great significance in the fields of medicinal chemistry and materials science.
In the field of medicinal chemistry, scientists often need to synthesize compounds with specific biological activities during the development of new drugs. 2-Bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene can be used as a starting material, and potential drug molecules can be prepared through a series of reactions. Its benzene ring structure and halogen atom substitution mode may endow the synthesized compounds with unique spatial structures and electronic properties, which in turn fit specific biological targets and exhibit pharmacological activity.
In the field of materials science, this compound is also commonly used in the preparation of new functional materials. For example, when synthesizing organic optoelectronic materials, 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene participates in the reaction, which may adjust the electron transport and optical properties of the material. Its halogen atoms can affect the intermolecular interactions of materials, which can affect the aggregate structure and properties of materials, and help to develop excellent optoelectronic materials, such as organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) materials.
In addition, in the field of academic research, as a typical halogenated aromatic compound, 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is an ideal substrate for studying the mechanism of organic reactions. Chemists can gain in-depth insight into the reaction process and influencing factors by studying the various reactions involved, providing a basis for the development of organic chemistry theory.
What are 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene synthesis methods?
To prepare 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene, there are various methods. Common ones can start with benzene and convert it in multiple steps.
First, based on benzene, bromobenzene is obtained by bromogeneration reaction with bromine under the catalysis of iron or iron tribromide. In this reaction, bromine and benzene ring are electrophilically substituted, and bromine atoms enter the benzene ring to obtain bromobenzene. Next, bromobenzene and fluoride under specific conditions, such as in a copper-containing catalyst and a suitable solvent, undergo a halogen exchange reaction to substitute bromine atoms in bromobenzene with fluorine atoms to obtain fluorobenzene. After that, fluorobenzene reacts with iodine and specific oxidants, such as iodobenzene nitrate (PhI (OAc) -2), under suitable conditions, and the iodine atom enters the benzene ring to obtain the target product 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene.
Second, m-fluoroaniline can also be used as a raw material. First, m-fluoroaniline is reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to obtain diazonium salts. The diazonium salt is then reacted with cuprous bromide. After the Sandmeier reaction, the diazonium group is replaced by a bromine atom to obtain m-fluorobrobenzene. Then, under suitable conditions, such as palladium as catalyst, m-fluorobromobenzene reacts with iodine source, iodine atoms enter the benzene ring to obtain 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene.
Furthermore, 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoic acid is used as the starting material. First, it is converted into the corresponding acyl chloride, and then reacted with a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride to obtain 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzyl alcohol. The target product can also be obtained by oxidizing 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzaldehyde, and then introducing iodine atoms through the Wellsmeier-Hacker reaction. All methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and it is necessary to choose the best one according to the actual situation, such as the availability of raw materials, cost, and difficulty of reaction conditions.
What are the physical properties of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene?
2-Bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is one of the organic compounds. Its physical properties are quite unique.
First of all, its appearance, at room temperature and pressure, is mostly colorless to light yellow liquid, with a clear appearance and a specific luster. The appearance of this color state is related to the arrangement of atoms in the molecule and the distribution of electron clouds. The introduction of halogen atoms such as bromine, fluorine, and iodine affects the electronic structure of the molecule, and then presents such a color under light.
As for its melting point, the value is relatively low due to the force between molecules. Although there are halogen atoms in the molecule, a certain intermolecular force can be formed, but the presence of benzene ring makes the molecule have a certain planarity and rigidity, resulting in a melting point that is not too high. After experimental determination, it is about - [X] ℃. This melting point characteristic needs to be taken into account when separating, purifying and applying compounds.
In terms of boiling point, due to the existence of dipole-dipole force between molecules and the polarization of halogen atoms, the boiling point is higher. Due to the electronegativity difference between bromine, fluorine and iodine atoms, the molecule has polarity, and the intermolecular force is enhanced. To make it boil, more energy needs to be supplied. Usually, the boiling point is about [X] ℃. This boiling point value determines the state transition during heating, and is related to the setting of reaction conditions in chemical production and other fields.
Density is also an important physical property. Due to the large atomic weight of halogen atoms in the molecule, its density is greater than that of water. Specifically, it is about [X] g/cm ³. This property is quite critical in operations such as liquid-liquid separation. If mixed with liquids such as water, stratified separation can be achieved due to the difference in density.
In terms of solubility, 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is a non-polar or weakly polar molecule, so it has good solubility in non-polar or weakly polar organic solvents, such as ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc. In such solvents, the intermolecular forces and solvent molecules match each other and can be well miscible. However, in solvents with strong polarity, such as water, their solubility is very poor, and it is difficult to dissolve each other due to the large difference in the type of intermolecular forces. This solubility characteristic is of great significance in the selection of suitable reaction solvents and product separation in organic synthesis.
2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene need to pay attention to when storing
2-Bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is a genus of organohalogenated aromatics. When it exists, pay attention to the number of ends to ensure its stability and safety.
First, it is important to avoid light. When halogenated aromatics are exposed to light, they can easily initiate photochemical reactions and cause molecular structure changes. In 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene, bromine, fluorine and iodine have different halogen atom activities. Under light, they may cause the loss of halogen atoms or cause molecular rearrangement, which will damage their purity and change their properties. Therefore, it should be stored in a brown bottle and placed in a dark corner to prevent light disturbance. < Br >
Second, the temperature and humidity should not be ignored. This compound is sensitive to temperature and humidity. If the temperature is high, the kinetic energy of the molecule will increase, the reactivity will increase, or it will cause decomposition, polymerization and other changes. If the humidity is too large, water vapor will easily encounter it, or promote hydrolysis. The benzene ring of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is connected to the halogen atom. Under hydrolysis, the halogen atom or hydroxyl group will replace it, and the chemical properties will change drastically. It should be stored in a cool, dry place, with temperature control below 20 ° C and humidity at 40% -60%.
Third, anti-oxidation is also critical. Although it is not easily oxidized, it is exposed to air for a long time, and oxygen in the air may react with it. Especially iodine atoms, which have a certain degree of reduction and can be oxidized. In order to slow down this process, it can be filled with nitrogen and sealed. Nitrogen is an inert gas, which can trap oxygen and protect it from oxidation.
Fourth, it is isolated from other substances to avoid the risk of coexistence. 2-Bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene cannot be co-stored with strong oxidants and strong bases. Strong oxidants can lead to oxidation, and strong bases can promote the substitution or elimination of halogen atoms. If a strong base such as sodium hydroxide encounters, halogen atoms or rapidly separated benzene rings will produce other products and lose their original properties. It must be stored separately, with obvious signs to show its nature and the importance of the existing law.
What is the market price of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene?
The market price of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-iodobenzene is difficult to determine. Its price often changes due to many reasons.
The first to bear the brunt is the difficulty of preparation. Synthesis of this compound requires delicate methods and pure and good materials. If the preparation is cumbersome and the materials used are rare, the price will be high. The purity of the material is also heavy, and the price of high-purity materials will be high, and the price of the product will also rise.
Furthermore, the supply and demand of the market is also the key. If many industry players want everything and use it widely, but the production is scarce, the supply is not enough, and the price will rise. On the contrary, if the demand is too small, the supply will exceed the demand, and the price will decline.
Moreover, the origin and logistics also have an impact. If it is shipped from a distance, the cost of logistics will be imposed, and the price may increase. Different origins have different prices due to differences in resources and costs.
Looking at the past market, the price of this compound may range from tens to hundreds of yuan per gram. However, this is only a rough figure, and the actual price must be discussed in detail according to the current market conditions, suppliers and transaction conditions. When purchasing, it is advisable to consult a wide range of suppliers and compare their prices and quality in detail before you can get a good price.
