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What is the main use of 2-chloro-3-iodo-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine?
2-Chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine is also an organic compound. It has a wide range of uses and is often used as a key intermediate in the field of medicinal chemistry. It can be used to create various drug molecules with specific biological activities. From the perspective of drug research and development, with its unique chemical structure, it can introduce specific functional groups and chemically transform them to construct pharmacophores that are compatible with biological targets, thereby realizing the regulation of disease-related biological processes.
In the field of pesticide chemistry, it also plays an important role. It can be used as a starting material to synthesize new pesticides, such as insecticides and fungicides, through a series of reactions. With the characteristics of fluorine, chlorine, iodine and other elements, the synthesized pesticides are endowed with many excellent properties such as high efficiency, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness, which helps to improve the activity of pesticides on target organisms, reduce the harm to non-target organisms, and reduce the negative impact on the environment.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, 2-chloro-3-iodine-5 - (trifluoromethyl) pyridine may participate in the preparation of functional materials. Its special chemical structure can endow materials with unique electrical, optical or thermal properties, such as for the preparation of organic optoelectronic materials, or have a positive impact on the charge transport and luminescence properties of materials, providing a new way for the development of new functional materials.
What are the synthesis methods of 2-chloro-3-iodo-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine
The synthesis method of 2-chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine is described in the past books, and there are many ways.
First, the compound containing the pyridine parent nucleus is used as the starting material, and chlorine and iodine atoms are introduced by halogenation reaction, and trifluoromethyl atoms are introduced. Chlorine atoms can be introduced by chlorination reaction at a specific position on the pyridine ring. Usually, suitable chlorination reagents, such as thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, etc., under appropriate reaction conditions, such as heating and the presence of catalysts, the pyridine ring undergoes an electrophilic substitution reaction, and chlorine atoms are attached to the target position. Subsequently, the iodine substitution reagent, such as iodine elemental substance, potassium iodate, etc., is carried out in a specific reaction system, such as a solution containing potassium iodide, acid and other auxiliaries, and the iodine atom is introduced into the pyridine ring at another position. As for the introduction of trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethylation reagents, such as sodium trifluoromethylsulfonate, trifluoromethylcopper reagent, etc., are often used under the action of catalysts, such as palladium, copper and other metal catalysts, through nucleophilic substitution or free radical reaction, trifluoromethylation is connected to the designated position of the pyridine ring.
Second, there is also a strategy for synthesizing target compounds If the pyridine ring structure is formed by cyclization with suitable nitrogenous and carbon-containing raw materials, chlorine, iodine and trifluoromethyl are introduced respectively during the reaction process or in subsequent steps. For example, 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds and ammonia or amine compounds are condensed and cyclized under acid catalysis to form pyridine rings. Then, according to the above halogenation and trifluoromethylation methods, the corresponding substituents are gradually introduced.
Or, the pyridine derivative containing trifluoromethyl is prepared first, and then selectively halogenated, and chlorine and iodine atoms are introduced at suitable positions, respectively. During selective halogenation, the reaction conditions, including temperature, reagent dosage, reaction time, and solvent, need to be carefully regulated to ensure that the halogen atoms are accurately connected to the target location and achieve the synthesis of 2-chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine.
What are the physical properties of 2-chloro-3-iodo-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine
2-Chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine is a kind of organic compound. Its physical properties are well-researched.
Looking at its properties, it is mostly solid or liquid under normal conditions, but this is not decisive, and it really varies according to the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment. If the temperature is quite low, the molecular activity is bound, and it often takes the shape of a solid state, and the texture may be firm or brittle; when the temperature rises, the molecule is energized and the movement intensifies, it is easy to turn into a liquid state, and the fluidity will follow.
When it comes to the melting point, due to the force between molecules, the melting point and boiling point are fixed. The presence of functional groups such as chlorine, iodine, and trifluoromethyl in the molecule causes complex intermolecular forces. Chlorine and iodine atoms have large atomic weights and are different in electronegativity. Trifluoromethyl also has unique electronic effects, which enhance the intermolecular forces and then push up its melting and boiling point. However, to determine the specific value, precise experimental determination is still needed.
In terms of solubility, its performance in organic solvents varies. Due to the certain hydrophobicity of the compound, in organic solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform, it can exhibit good solubility due to the principle of "similar compatibility". The molecular structure of such organic solvents and the compound has polar characteristics, and they can form moderate interactions with each other to dissolve them. However, in solvents with strong polarity such as water, due to their hydrophobicity, their solubility must be poor, and it is difficult to form an effective effect between water molecules and the compound molecules, resulting in the two being repelled and insoluble.
As for the density, it is heavier than air. Due to the presence of heavy atoms such as chlorine and iodine in the molecule, the overall molecular weight increases, and the mass per unit volume increases, so the density is greater than that of air. And its density is also closely related to temperature. When the temperature increases, the molecular spacing increases, and the density may decrease.
And its volatility is weak due to the restriction of intermolecular forces. Although many organic compounds have certain volatility, the formation of functional groups in this compound makes it more difficult for molecules to escape from the liquid surface and enter the gas phase, so the volatility is lower than that of some simple organic compounds.
All these physical properties have a crucial impact on the synthesis, separation, storage and application of the compound, which cannot be ignored.
What are the chemical properties of 2-chloro-3-iodo-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine
2-Chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine, an organic compound, has unique chemical properties and is of great importance in the field of organic synthesis.
Its halogen atoms, chlorine and iodine, are both active chemically. Chlorine atoms, due to their electronegativity and atomic radius, can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. In this compound, chlorine atoms can be replaced by many nucleophilic reagents, such as alkoxides, amines, etc. During this process, the nucleophilic reagent attacks the carbon atom attached to the chlorine atom, and the chlorine atom leaves with a pair of electrons, thus forming a new carbon-nucleophilic bond.
The activity of the iodine atom should not be underestimated. The iodine atom has a large radius and the C-I bond energy is relatively small, which makes the iodine atom easy to leave under certain conditions. In some reactions, the iodine atom can be used as a good leaving group, providing an opportunity for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatomic bonds. For example, in palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, the iodine atom of this compound can react with carbon-containing nucleophiles to achieve the formation of carbon-carbon bonds, which is crucial in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
The presence of trifluoromethyl gives this compound unique properties. Trifluoromethyl has strong electron absorption and can affect the electron cloud density distribution of the pyridine ring. It reduces the electron cloud density of the pyridine ring and increases the difficulty of electrophilic substitution reaction on the ring. However, at the same time, it enhances the reactivity of the pyridine ring to nucleophiles. Moreover, the introduction of trifluoromethyl can significantly improve the lipid solubility of the compound, which has an impact on its absorption and distribution in vivo, which is of great significance in the field of medicinal chemistry.
Furthermore, the conjugated structure of the pyridine ring itself endows this compound with certain stability. Although the lone pair electron on the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring does not participate in the conjugation system, it also affects the reactivity of the compound. Nitrogen atoms can be used as electron donors to form coordination bonds with metal ions, etc., and play a unique role in catalytic reactions or supramolecular chemistry.
In short, the synergistic effect of the groups contained in 2-chloro-3-iodine-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine presents rich and diverse chemical properties, providing a broad application space for organic synthesis, drug development and other fields.
What is the price range of 2-chloro-3-iodo-5- (trifluoromethyl) pyridine in the market?
I have not seen the exact price range of this "2 - chloro - 3 - iodo - 5 - (trifluoromethyl) pyridine" on the market. The price of this compound may be affected by many factors due to the difficulty of synthesis and the specific use.
If the raw materials are studied, the prices of the various raw materials required to prepare "2 - chloro - 3 - iodo - 5 - (trifluoromethyl) pyridine" fluctuate. The rarity of the raw materials, the change in supply and demand, all make the cost different, and ultimately the price difference.
Furthermore, the synthesis method is also heavy. The delicate synthesis method may reduce its cost; the cumbersome and complex method will increase the cost and the price will follow. And during the synthesis process, the conditions are strictly controlled, and the required instruments and reagents all affect the price.
The use also affects its price. If it is used in high-end scientific research and special pharmaceutical synthesis, the price may be high due to specific needs and high added value; if it is a general chemical use, due to large dosage and competition, the price may be relatively easy.
In addition, the state of supply and demand in the market is also the key. If there are many people who want it, the supply will be few, and the price will rise; if the supply exceeds the demand, the price will be reduced.
Although the exact price range is not known, the price may vary greatly due to different scenarios. To know the exact price, consult chemical raw material suppliers and relevant scientific research material platforms to obtain real-time and accurate prices.
