2 Iodo 4 Nitrotoluene

4-Cyanobenzoic acid is an organic compound. Although it is not directly described in ancient books such as Tiangong Kaiwu, according to today's chemical knowledge and understanding of similar substances, its physical properties can be deduced as follows:
Its appearance is often white to light yellow crystalline powder. This is because many such organic aromatic carboxylic acid compounds exist in this form at room temperature and pressure, and the specific intermolecular forces cause them to form a crystalline structure.
The melting point is quite high, about 220-224 ° C. Aromatic carboxylic acids require higher energy to break the lattice structure and cause them to melt because of the conjugated system in the molecule, and the cyanyl group and carboxyl group can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, strengthening the intermolecular forces.
4-Cyanobenzoic acid has little solubility in water. Water is a polar solvent, and although the compound contains polar carboxyl groups and cyanos, its aromatic ring is a non-polar part, the overall polarity is limited, and the interaction with water is weak. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", it is difficult to dissolve in water. However, in some organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane, the solubility is relatively high. Because these organic solvents and 4-cyanobenzoic acid molecules can form interactions such as van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds, which are conducive to their dissolution.
In addition, 4-cyanobenzoic acid has certain sublimation properties. Under specific temperature and pressure conditions, it can directly transform from a solid state to a gaseous state through a liquid state. This property is related to its molecular structure and crystal characteristics, and the intermolecular force is not extremely strong. Under appropriate conditions, molecules are easy to break free from the lattice and exist in a gaseous state.

2-% heptyl-4-carbonyl butyric acid, this is an organic compound. Its chemical properties are rich and diverse, let me talk about them one by one.
First, the presence of carbonyl groups gives it unique reactivity. Carbonyl is a polar group, which is electrophilic and can attract electron-rich species. Therefore, 2-heptyl-4-carbonyl butyric acid can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. For example, under acid catalysis with alcohols, carbonyl oxygen accepts protons and enhances the positive electricity of carbonyl carbons. The oxygen atom of the alcohol acts as a nucleophilic agent to attack carbonyl carbons. After a series of processes, ester compounds can be formed. This reaction is often used in organic synthesis to construct ester bonds and prepare a variety of esters with special functions.
Furthermore, the carboxyl group of the compound also has important chemical properties. The carboxyl group is acidic and can partially ionize hydrogen ions in water, making the solution acidic. It can neutralize with bases to form corresponding carboxylic salts and water. For example, when reacting with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen ions in the carboxyl group combine with hydroxyl ions to form water, and at the same time form 2-heptyl-4-carbonyl butyrate sodium salt. This property is widely used in the fields of drug synthesis and chemical analysis, and can be used to adjust the pH of reaction systems, or to improve the solubility and stability of compounds through salt-forming reactions.
In addition, due to the interaction between carbonyl and carboxyl groups, the distribution of electron clouds in the molecule of 2-heptyl-4-carbonyl butyric acid changes, affecting its chemical activity. Under appropriate conditions, intramolecular reactions may occur, such as the hydroxyl oxygen atom of the carboxyl group attacking the carbonyl carbon to form a cyclic compound. Such reactions are of great significance for the construction of special cyclic structures and are often a key step in the total synthesis of natural products and drug development.
At the same time, the carbon chain part of this compound is not "inactive". Although the saturated carbon chain is relatively stable, free radical substitution reactions can occur under high temperature, light or specific catalysts. Free radicals such as halogen atoms can replace hydrogen atoms on the carbon chain, providing the possibility for further derivatization and enriching the chemical modification pathways of compounds.

Ethyl 4-alkyl benzoate and ethyl paraben are commonly used chemical compounds. Their main uses involve a wide range of domains, as described below:
- ** domain **: Ethyl 4-alkyl benzoate has a good bacteriostatic effect and can effectively inhibit polyhedra, polyhedra bacteria, and microorganisms such as fungi and yeasts. In medicine, it is often used as an antiseptic agent. It is added to liquid and semi-solid systems such as ointments, creams, eye drops, etc., which can prevent the material from being contaminated by microorganisms, and ensure the safety of the product in the valid period. The effectiveness of the product is not affected.
- ** Food industry: Because of its excellent bacteriostatic properties, it is widely used as food preservative. It can inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms in food, prolong the shelf life of food, and maintain good sensory properties of food. It is often used in foods such as raw materials, cans, cakes, etc. Taking raw materials as an example, adding an amount of 4-ethyl benzoate can prevent the growth of microorganisms and cause leaven and leaven, and maintain the clarity of its taste.
- ** Chemical products **: It is also a commonly used preservative for chemical products. Chemical products are rich in moisture and chemical ingredients, which are easy to breed microorganisms. Adding 4-ethyl benzoate can ensure that chemical products are not contaminated by microorganisms during the service cycle, and ensure the safety of users. Such as face creams, lotions, washing water, body wash and other chemical products are often used in its shadow.
- ** Material field **: In the raw material, it also has anti-corrosion effect. It can prevent the decay of the raw material due to microbial action, ensure the amount of raw material, and ensure the health of livestock and poultry. Especially in high-temperature environments, the addition of 4-ethyl benzoate can effectively extend the shelf life of the raw material and reduce the risk of livestock and poultry illness or poor performance due to the raw material.

4-Cyanobenzoic acid is an important intermediate in organic synthesis. Although there was no modern concept of organic synthesis in the book era of Tiangong Kaiwu, from an ancient perspective, related raw materials may be extracted from natural products and then converted by traditional processes.
To make 4-cyanobenzoic acid, you can first find natural products containing benzene rings and modifiable groups. For example, phenolic compounds with benzene ring structure in some plants can be converted into carboxyl groups and cyanos in multiple steps. The ancient process, although there is no modern precision instrument, can be realized with experience and repeated attempts.
First, the raw materials containing benzene rings are treated by a method similar to "firing". For example, specific plant or mineral raw materials are heated in a ceramic container at a suitable temperature. Using the volatilization and decomposition characteristics of different substances, the components containing benzene rings with suitable activity can be preliminarily separated and enriched.
The introduction of carboxyl groups may be based on the idea of "acid-base phase". The substances rich in carboxyl groups, such as some acidic plant sap or carbonate, are co-located with the substances containing benzene rings after treatment, and react at appropriate temperature and time. Using the ancient understanding of acid-base reaction, the benzene ring may be connected to carboxyl groups.
The introduction of cyanide groups is more difficult. Although there is no pure cyanide reagent in ancient times, cyanide-containing components may be extracted from cyanide-containing natural substances, such as some plant seeds or ores. After multiple treatments, it reacts with carboxyl-containing phenyl ring substances under certain conditions. For example, choosing a specific time and environment, controlling the reaction temperature and humidity, etc., prompts the cyanobenzene ring to replace the hydrogen atom in the appropriate position to produce 4-cyanobenzoic acid. Although the process is difficult, with the wisdom and unremitting exploration of the ancients, a feasible method may be found.

When storing and transporting 2-% drug-4-cyanoacetylaniline, there are several precautions to be taken.
Its properties are chemical products, and when storing, the first environment is suitable. It is necessary to choose a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from direct sunlight. If exposed to strong light, or due to high temperature and excessive humidity, it may cause its properties to change and damage its quality. And it should be placed separately from oxidizing agents, acids, bases, etc. Because of its active chemical properties, it is mixed with various chemicals, prone to chemical reactions, or dangerous.
The handling process should not be ignored. Handlers must undergo professional training and be familiar with their characteristics and protection methods. When handling, the action should be as gentle as possible, and must not be loaded and unloaded brutally to prevent package damage. If the package is damaged and the powder leaks, it will not only deface the environment, but also endanger the person.
Furthermore, safety protective equipment is indispensable. In the place of storage and handling, appropriate fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment should be prepared. Practitioners should also wear appropriate protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles, etc., to prevent contact with this object and injury to the body.
During transportation, it is also crucial to choose an appropriate mode of transportation. Special transportation vehicles should be used in accordance with relevant regulations, and the transportation vehicles should have obvious warning signs. During driving, drive slowly to avoid bumps and vibrations to ensure the safety of transportation.
Overall, 2-% drug-4-cyanoacetaniline is involved in every step of the storage and transportation process, from the selection of the environment, the regulations of operation, to the protective equipment, and the method of transportation. If there is a slight mistake or a disaster, it must be done with caution.