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What are the main uses of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene?
3-Bromo-1-iodobenzene is also an organic compound. Its main uses are roughly three ends.
First, it is an important intermediate in the field of organic synthesis. The art of organic synthesis, in order to construct complex and delicate organic molecules, often relies on this as the starting material. If you want to prepare aromatic compounds with special structures, 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene can be introduced into various functional groups through nucleophilic substitution reaction due to the activity of bromine and iodine disubstituents on the phenyl ring. Both bromine and iodine atoms can be replaced by other groups. Chemists have to choose suitable reagents and conditions according to their needs to convert them into new compounds, such as the introduction of alkyl, aryl, amino groups, etc., to form the molecular framework required in the fields of medicine, pesticides, and materials.
Second, it is also of important value in the field of medicinal chemistry. During drug development, it is often necessary to construct active molecules with specific structures. The chemical activity of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene can help chemists create biologically active lead compounds. By modifying its benzene ring and substituents, the physicochemical properties, biological activities and pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds can be adjusted. For example, it can be used as a basic structure to introduce groups with affinity to specific biological targets through a series of reactions to develop new drugs.
Third, it can also be seen in materials science. When preparing organic optoelectronic materials, 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene can participate in the polymerization reaction to construct polymers with specific optoelectronic properties. Its bromine and iodine atoms can affect the electron cloud distribution and conjugate structure of polymers, thereby improving the optical and electrical properties of materials, such as adjusting the absorption and emission spectra of materials, enhancing their conductivity or fluorescence properties, etc., contributing to the research and development of organic Light Emitting Diodes, solar cells and other materials.
What are the physical properties of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene?
3-Bromo-1-iodobenzene is an organic compound. Its physical properties are quite elusive.
Looking at its morphology, under normal temperature and pressure, it is mostly liquid, which is also due to the state of intermolecular force. Its boiling point has been studied. Due to the bromine and iodine atoms in the molecule, the relative molecular mass increases, and the intermolecular force increases, resulting in a higher boiling point than the benzene base material, which is about a certain temperature range. However, the exact value needs to be accurately determined according to the experiment.
When it comes to the melting point, it is also affected by the bromine and iodine atoms, and the lattice energy changes. The melting point is also different from that of simple benzene derivatives. The specific value also needs to be tested in detail.
Its density is greater than that of water, and the atomic weight of the borderline bromine and iodine atoms is larger, which makes the compound heavier per unit volume mass. In organic synthesis experiments, this property can assist in separation operations.
In terms of solubility, this compound is difficult to dissolve in water, because it is a non-polar molecule, and the force between it and water molecules is weak, but it has good solubility in common organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, dichloromethane, etc. Due to the "similar miscibility" principle, organic solvents are mostly non-polar or weakly polar, and they are compatible with the force between 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene molecules, so they can be miscible.
In addition, its volatility is moderate, although it is not very volatile, under appropriate temperature and ventilation conditions, some molecules will still escape in the air. Pay attention to this point during operation to prevent the accumulation of harmful gases. Its smell also has characteristics, with a special organic smell, but the smell of your mileage may vary.
In summary, the physical properties of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene are of great significance in organic synthesis, chemical analysis and other fields. Scholars need to be familiar with it in order to be properly used in various experiments and studies.
What are the chemical properties of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene?
3-Bromo-1-iodobenzene is also an organic compound. Its chemical properties are unique and worth exploring.
First, the reaction of its halogen atom. Bromine and iodine are both halogen elements. In this compound, the activity of halogen atoms is changed due to the electron cloud conjugation effect of the benzene ring. Both bromine and iodine atoms can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. When encountering nucleophilic reagents, halogen atoms can be replaced by nucleophilic groups. If reacting with sodium alcohol, the alkoxy group can replace halogen atoms to form corresponding ether compounds. In this reaction, the attack of the nucleophilic tester on the halogen atom is based on the heterocleavage of the carbon-halogen bond between the halogen atom and the benzene ring. The halogen atom leaves in the form of a halogen ion, and the nucleophilic group is attached to the benzene ring.
Furthermore, it also has characteristics in the aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. The benzene ring is electron-rich and vulnerable to attack by electrophilic reagents. Although bromine and iodine are blunt groups, due to the conjugation effect, the electron cloud density of the ortho and para-position is relatively high. Therefore, when the electrophilic reagent attacks, it still tends to be ortho and para-substituted. In case of nitrifying reagents, nitro groups can be introduced into the orth
And because it contains two halogen atoms of bromine and iodine, it performs well in metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. For example, under palladium catalysis, it can be coupled with reagents containing carbon-metal bonds to form new carbon-carbon bonds. This is an important means in organic synthesis, which can synthesize complex organic molecules.
The chemical properties of 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene are affected by factors such as the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, the type and location of halogen atoms. Under different reaction conditions, it can exhibit a variety of reactivity and selectivity, providing rich possibilities for organic synthesis chemistry. It has potential application value in materials science, medicinal chemistry and other fields, and can be used as a synthesis intermediate to prepare many compounds with special properties and biological activities.
What are 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene synthesis methods?
To prepare 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene, there are two methods. First, benzene is first brominated to obtain bromobenzene. Bromobenzene reacts with liquid bromine under the catalysis of iron to obtain a mixture of o-and p-dibromobenzene, and is separated to obtain o-bromobenzene. 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene can be prepared by reacting o-bromobenzene with iodine under the catalysis of copper and at an appropriate temperature.
Second, starting with aniline, it is first reacted with bromine water to obtain 2,4,6-tribromoaniline. 2,4,6-tribromoaniline reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to form diazonium salts. This diazonium salt reacts with potassium iodide, and the diazonium group is replaced by iodine. After proper treatment, the excess bromine atom can be removed, and 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene can also be obtained.
Both have advantages and disadvantages. The former step is slightly simpler, but the separation is more difficult; although the latter step is slightly more complicated, the yield may be higher. When making, choose the one that is suitable according to the facts.
3-bromo-1-iodobenzene need to pay attention to when storing and transporting
3-Bromo-1-iodobenzene is an organic compound. When storing and transporting it, be sure to pay attention to the following numbers:
First, it is related to storage. This compound should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because it is more sensitive to heat, high temperature is easy to decompose or cause other chemical reactions, so it is necessary to keep away from fire and heat sources to prevent accidents. And it should be stored separately from oxidants, strong bases and other chemicals to avoid mixed storage, because 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene may react violently when encountering oxidants or strong bases, endangering safety. The storage place should also be equipped with suitable materials for containing leaks, so that they can be dealt with in time when leaks occur.
Second, for transportation. During transportation, 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene must ensure that the packaging is complete and tightly sealed. Packaging materials should have good corrosion resistance and pressure resistance to prevent material leakage caused by package damage during transportation. At the same time, transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. During transportation, follow the specified route and do not stop in densely populated areas and places with open flames. If a leak occurs during transportation, the leaked area should be immediately isolated, personnel should be restricted from entering and leaving, and quickly evacuated to a safe area. Emergency responders should wear gas masks and protective gloves, collect the leak with appropriate materials, and dispose of it properly.
In short, 3-bromo-1-iodobenzene needs to strictly follow relevant norms and requirements during storage and transportation, from environmental conditions, chemical isolation, to packaging, emergency treatment, etc., so as to ensure that personnel safety and the environment are not contaminated, and the quality of the compound is not affected.