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What is the chemical structure of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl Bis (trifluoroacetate)?
This is a problem related to the chemical structure of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate). In the structure of this compound, the benzene ring is the core, with an iodine atom connected at the 3rd position, and a trifluoroacetate ester group connected at the 1,2-di group.
The benzene ring is a six-membered carbon ring with a conjugated system, which has a planar structure. Six carbon atoms are bonded with sp ² hybrid orbitals, and the bond lengths between each carbon atom are equal, which is an aromatic structure. The 3-position iodine atom is covalently bonded to the benzene ring carbon. The iodine atom is relatively large, and its electron cloud has a certain impact on the electron cloud distribution of the benzene ring, which can change the electron density and reactivity of the benzene ring.
1,2-diyl linked trifluoroacetic acid ester group, trifluoroacetic acid ester part, composed of trifluoromethyl (CF 🥰 -) connected to carbonyl (C = O) and oxygen atoms, this carbonyl group has a certain electron-withdrawing property, trifluoromethyl is also a strong electron-withdrawing group, which can further enhance its electron-withdrawing ability. This electron-withdrawing action is transmitted to the benzene ring through oxygen atoms, which has a significant impact on the electron cloud of the benzene ring, reducing the electron cloud density of the benzene ring. In electrophilic substitution reactions, it has a significant impact on the reaction check point and activity. The two trifluoroacetate ester groups are connected to the 1 and 2 positions of the benzene ring, respectively. The spatial position relationship between the two also affects the spatial structure and physicochemical properties of the molecule, or affects the polarity, solubility and interaction with other molecules of the molecule.
What are the main physical properties of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl Bis (trifluoroacetate)?
3-Iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate) is an organic compound. Its main physical properties are as follows:
1. ** Appearance and Properties **: At room temperature and pressure, this substance is often in the state of colorless to light yellow liquid, but the appearance may vary depending on the preparation conditions and purity. Pure ones are mostly clear liquids, if they contain impurities, or have a slight color, and may be slightly cloudy.
2. ** Melting Point and Boiling Point **: The melting point is about - 10 ° C to - 5 ° C, and the boiling point is between 250 ° C and 260 ° C. The boiling point is quite high, and there are certain forces between molecules, such as van der Waals force and dipole-dipole interaction. To make it boil, more energy is required to overcome these forces.
3. ** Solubility **: It has a certain lipid solubility and can be soluble in common organic solvents, such as dichloromethane, chloroform, ether, toluene, etc. In dichloromethane, it can be miscible in any ratio. Due to the non-polarity and molecular structure of dichloromethane, it is compatible with 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate), which is conducive to molecular dispersion. However, its solubility in water is extremely low. Due to the formation of strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules, the compound has a weak ability to form hydrogen bonds with water, and the overall polarity of the molecule is not strong, so it is difficult to dissolve in water.
4. ** Density **: The density is about 1.8-1.9 g/cm ³, which is greater than the density of water. This is due to the large relative atomic weight of iodine atoms in the molecule, and the tight structure of trifluoroacetate ester groups, resulting in a large mass per unit volume.
5. ** Refractive index **: The refractive index is about 1.46-1.48. The refractive index can reflect the optical properties of the substance and is related to the molecular structure and electron cloud distribution. The specific refractive index of the compound is determined by the type of atoms in its molecule, the properties of chemical bonds and the spatial arrangement.
What are the common synthesis methods of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl Bis (trifluoroacetate)?
The common synthesis methods of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate) are as follows:
First, it can be started from o-iodophenol. O-iodophenol reacts with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of an appropriate catalyst. In this reaction, trifluoroacetic anhydride acts as an acylating agent to introduce the trifluoroacetyl group into the o-iodophenol molecule. The reaction is usually carried out in an organic solvent such as dichloromethane, and trifluoroacetic anhydride is slowly added dropwise at low temperature to avoid side reactions. The reaction process needs to be in an anhydrous environment, because water will react with trifluoroacetic anhydride, reducing its effective concentration
It is also possible to prepare compounds containing benzene-1,2-diyl structure first, and then modify them with iodization and trifluoroacetylation. First, a suitable benzene ring derivative is used as a raw material, and iodine atoms are introduced by halogenation reaction. For example, iodization is carried out under the action of catalysts such as iron powder and ferric trichloride by electrophilic substitution reaction at specific positions on the benzene ring using iodine sources such as iodine elemental substance and N-iodosuccinimide. After that, the obtained iodized product is trifluoroacetylated. Trifluoroacetic acid and a suitable dehydrating agent, such as dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC), can be selected, or trifluoroacetic anhydride can be directly reacted with an organic base such as pyridine to realize the conversion of bis (trifluoroacetate).
In addition, the target molecular structure can be constructed from some phenyl ring precursors containing suitable substituents through multi-step reactions. The substituent framework on the phenyl ring is first constructed by organic synthesis, and then iodine atoms and trifluoroacetyl functional groups are gradually introduced. However, this method has a long route, and each step of the reaction needs to be carefully planned and the reaction conditions controlled to ensure the selectivity and yield of the reaction. After each step of the reaction, the product needs to be purified by extraction, column chromatography and other separation methods, and finally high purity 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate) is obtained.
In what fields is 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl Bis (trifluoroacetate) used?
3-Iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate) is used in many fields such as chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical research and development.
In the field of chemical synthesis, it is often a key intermediate. Due to its unique structure, iodine atoms and bis (trifluoroacetate) groups endow it with active chemical properties. With this property, a variety of organic reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution and coupling reactions, can be used to construct complex organic molecular structures. Through nucleophilic substitution, multi-functional groups can be introduced, paving the way for the creation of new materials and special chemicals.
In pharmaceutical research and development, its contribution is also considerable. Due to its fluorine-containing structure, it can enhance the lipid solubility of drug molecules, improve the transmembrane transport ability of drugs, and then improve the bioavailability of drugs. At the same time, specific molecular structures may have unique interactions with targets in vivo, or they may become lead compounds. After structural modification and optimization, new drugs with excellent efficacy can be developed for treating various diseases.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it may be able to participate in the preparation of high-performance materials. By introducing its structural units into polymers through chemical reactions, it can endow materials with excellent properties such as chemical resistance and low surface energy. It may have broad application prospects in fields such as aerospace and electronics that require strict material properties.
In short, 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate) is like a shining star in many fields such as chemicals, medicine, and materials, shining brightly and promoting continuous progress and innovation in various fields.
What are the precautions in the preparation of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl Bis (trifluoroacetate)?
When preparing 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate), many precautions need to be kept in mind.
The quality of the first raw materials, the raw materials used must be of high purity. Both iodobenzene derivatives and trifluoroacetic anhydride should be strictly screened. The amount of impurities is related to the purity of the product and the effectiveness of the reaction. If the raw materials are impure, the reaction may go wrong, causing the product to be mixed, and the separation and purification will also be difficult.
The control of the reaction conditions is crucial. Temperature must be accurate. This reaction can only proceed smoothly in a specific temperature range. If the temperature is too high, it may cause a cluster of side reactions, and the decomposition of the product is unknown. If the temperature is too low, the reaction will be slow, time-consuming, and inefficient. And the reaction time also needs to be properly controlled. If the time is insufficient, the reaction is not completed, and the amount of product is small. If it is too much, it will increase energy consumption or damage the product.
Furthermore, the environment of the reaction system should also be paid attention to. The environment without water and oxygen is beneficial for many reactions. Moisture and oxygen are often the disturbance of the reaction, or cause the raw materials to deteriorate, or change the reaction path. Therefore, before the reaction, the container must be fully dried, and the creation of an inert gas atmosphere is also indispensable.
The choice and dosage of the catalyst also have a profound impact. Appropriate catalysts can accelerate the reaction, but improper dosage may cause adverse effects. If the dosage is too small, the catalysis will be ineffective; if it is too much, the side reactions will be exacerbated.
Post-processing steps cannot be ignored. There are many methods for product separation and purification, such as extraction, distillation, column chromatography, etc., which are suitable for each situation. Improper selection makes the product difficult to purify. And the operation process must be fine to avoid product loss.
Preparation of 3-iodobenzene-1,2-diyl bis (trifluoroacetate), raw materials, conditions, environment, catalysis and post-treatment are all key, any link of negligence can lead to the preparation of less than expected.