4 Iodo 1h Imidazole

4-Iodo-1H-imidazole is an organic compound with unique chemical properties. Its chemical properties are as follows:
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Related
In this compound, iodine atoms have a certain tendency to leave. Under suitable nucleophilic reagents and reaction conditions, iodine is easily replaced by nucleophilic reagents. Because the imidazole ring nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons, it is alkaline and nucleophilic to a certain extent, which can enhance the offensive activity of nucleophilic reagents. For example, if alkoxides are used as nucleophilic reagents, under suitable solvent and temperature conditions, iodine can be replaced by alkoxy groups to form ether derivatives containing imidazole rings. During this process, the nucleophilic reagent attacks the iodine atom to connect to the carbon atom,
Complexation properties with metal ions
The nitrogen atom in the 1H-imidazole ring can provide lone pairs of electrons for complexation with metal ions. 4-iodo-1H-imidazole can form stable complexes with various metal ions, such as copper ions and zinc ions, by virtue of the nitrogen atom of the imidazole ring. This complexation is of great significance in the field of catalysis. The formed metal complexes can be used as catalysts to catalyze a variety of organic reactions, and due to the electronic effect of the imidazole ring and the influence of steric resistance, it can regulate the reaction activity and selectivity.
Acid-base related
1H-imidazole ring has two nitrogen atoms, one is pyridine-type nitrogen and the other is pyrrole-type nitrogen. The lone pair electrons of pyridine-type nitrogen do not participate in the ring conjugation system, making it a certain basic; the lone pair electrons of pyrrole-type nitrogen participate in the ring conjugation and show a certain acidity. 4-iodo-1H-imidazole can be protonated or deprotonated in acid-base environment. In acidic media, pyridine-type nitrogen readily accepts protonation of protons; under basic conditions, hydrogen on pyrrole-type nitrogen can be deprived by bases, deprotonated, and corresponding negative ions are generated. The negative ions have certain stability due to the conjugation system of imidazole rings.
Redox properties
The compound can participate in some redox reactions. Iodine atoms can oxidize under the action of suitable oxidants to change their oxidation state. The imidazole ring may also undergo reactions such as ring opening or oxidative modification under the action of specific strong oxidants. Under the reduction condition, iodine atoms may be reduced and removed to form 1H-imidazole. This redox property makes it potentially useful in fields such as organic synthesis and materials science, such as in the construction of organic materials with specific redox activities.

4-Iodo-1H-imidazole is one of the organic compounds with a wide range of uses. In the field of medicinal chemistry, it is often used as a key intermediate. Due to its unique structure, it can introduce various functional groups through various chemical reactions, and then synthesize drug molecules with specific biological activities. For example, it can be used to create antibacterial, antiviral and even anti-tumor drugs, which can be combined with specific targets in vivo to exert corresponding pharmacological effects.
In the field of materials science, it also shows unique uses. It can participate in the synthesis of polymer materials, and adjust the properties of materials through its reactivity. Such as improving the conductivity and optical properties of materials, it may have potential applications in the fields of organic optoelectronic materials.
Furthermore, in organic synthetic chemistry, it is often used as the cornerstone for building complex organic molecular structures. Because of its stable structure and reactivity, imidazole rings can react with many reagents such as nucleophilic substitution and electrophilic addition, providing an effective way for the synthesis of novel and complex organic compounds and helping chemists expand the types and functions of organic compounds.

The synthesis method of 4-iodine-1H-imidazole is not detailed in ancient books, but according to today's chemical theories and general methods, the following methods can be tried.
First, imidazole is used as the starting material. Imidazole can be introduced into iodine atoms after halogenation. First, imidazole is dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as an aprotic polar solvent, such as dimethylformamide (DMF), which dissolves imidazole and has little interference with the reaction. Then, a halogenating agent, such as an iodizing agent, is added, and a combination of iodine ($I_2 $) and an oxidizing agent is common. Taking the combination of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2 $) and iodine elemental substance as an example, hydrogen peroxide can oxidize iodine elemental substance to a more viable iodine positive ion, which is convenient for electrophilic substitution of imidazole ring. During the reaction, it is very important to control the temperature. Generally, hydrogen peroxide is slowly added dropwise between low temperature and room temperature to make the reaction proceed smoothly. This process requires monitoring means, such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC), to observe the reaction process. After separation and purification, a suitable silica gel and eluent, such as a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, can be selected by column chromatography to obtain pure 4-iodine-1H-imidazole.
Second, it can also be started from imidazole derivatives. If there are imidazole derivatives containing convertible groups, such as those with groups that can be replaced by iodine atoms at the 4-position. Let it be 4-hydroxy-1H-imidazole, which can be replaced by nucleophilic substitution. First, 4-hydroxy-1H-imidazole is reacted with a suitable halogenating agent that can provide iodine ions, such as potassium iodide (KI) in combination with a suitable activating agent, such as triphenylphosphine ($PPh_3 $) and diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD). In organic solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), this combination can activate the hydroxyl group, so that iodine ions can successfully replace the hydroxyl group to obtain 4-iodine-1H-imidazole. Similarly, the reaction process should be controlled and monitored, and then separated and purified to obtain the target product.

4-Iodine-1H-imidazole is on the market, and its price range is difficult to determine. This is because the price often varies with various factors, such as the price of raw materials, the difficulty of preparation, the situation of supply and demand, and the rise and fall of the market.
Looking at the past, when raw materials were abundant and convenient to prepare, their price may tend to be easy. However, if raw materials are scarce, the preparation techniques are complicated, and many steps and rare reagents are required, the price will rise. Furthermore, if the market faces a strong demand for 4-iodine-1H-imidazole and limited supply, merchants will also raise prices due to its tight supply. On the contrary, if demand is sluggish and supply is excessive, prices will also fall.
There are many suppliers in the market, each with its own pricing strategy. There are those who offer high prices for high quality, and those who compete for low prices for more quantity. Therefore, in order to know the exact price range, it is necessary to carefully check the quotations of each supplier, and the prices may vary in different seasons and different regions. Generally speaking, the price may range from a few yuan per gram to tens of yuan, but this is only a rough estimate. The actual situation should be subject to real-time market conditions.

4-Iodo-1H-imidazole is a chemical substance whose storage conditions are quite critical. This substance should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Keep away from fires and heat sources, as it may be dangerous when exposed to heat or open flames.
Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, alkalis, etc., and must not be mixed. Due to its active chemical properties, contact with these substances can easily cause chemical reactions, lead to deterioration, and may even cause safety accidents.
The container in which the substance is stored must be well sealed to prevent moisture. Because moisture may affect its chemical stability and then change its properties. In the process of taking, it is also necessary to pay attention to the operating specifications to avoid improper operation, which may cause damage to the material or pose a threat to the environment and personal safety.
In addition, the storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to deal with possible leaks. If a leak occurs, it can be properly handled in a timely manner to prevent the spread of pollution. Such comprehensive storage conditions can ensure the quality and storage safety of 4-iodo-1H-imidazole.