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What is the chemical structure of 5-amino-n, n '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide?
5 - amino - N, N '- bis (2, 3 - dihydroxypropyl) - 2, 4, 6 - triiodobenzene - 1, 3 - dicarboxamide is an organic compound whose chemical formula contains rich information, which can help us to infer its chemical structure.
Looking at the name, "5-amino" shows that the benzene ring has an amino group (-NH 2) at the 5th position; "N, N '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) " shows that the N and N' positions are connected with two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups (-CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 OH); "2,4,6-triiodo" means that the benzene ring positions 2, 4, and 6 are replaced by iodine atoms (-I); "benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide" indicates that this is a benzene series with formamide groups (-CONH 2) at the benzene ring positions 1 and 3.
According to this, its chemical structure can be outlined as follows: with the benzene ring as the core, the positions 2, 4, and 6 are each connected to an iodine atom, the positions 1 and 3 are connected to a formamide group, and the position 5 is connected to an amino group. And the N and N 'positions are respectively connected to 2,3-dihydroxypropyl. This structure endows the compound with unique chemical properties and may have important uses in the fields of organic synthesis, drug research and development, etc.
What are the main uses of 5-amino-n, n '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide?
5 - amino - N, N '- bis (2,3 - dihydroxypropyl) - 2,4,6 - triiodobenzene - 1,3 - dicarboxamide is an organic compound. Its main uses are widely used in the field of medical imaging.
In medical imaging, this compound is very important. In X-ray imaging, because it is rich in iodine atoms, iodine has a high atomic number and has a strong X-ray absorption capacity. When introduced into specific parts of the human body, it can significantly improve the difference in X-ray absorption between tissues and surrounding areas, making imaging clearer, helping physicians to accurately determine the shape, structure and lesions of organs. For example, in angiography, it can clearly outline the contour of blood vessels and help diagnose vascular stenosis, blockage and other diseases.
In computed tomography (CT), it also plays a key role. CT imaging relies on differences in the absorption of X-rays by different tissues. The compound can enhance the contrast of specific tissues, optimize the imaging quality, and greatly assist in the detection and localization of lesions such as tumors. Physicians can more accurately evaluate the size, location, and relationship between lesions and surrounding tissues.
In addition, it is often used in some special imaging tests, such as urography. It can be introduced into the urinary system through a specific route to make the urinary tract clearly developed in the image, which is convenient for the detection of abnormal conditions such as urinary tract stones and obstruction.
In summary, 5-amino-N, N '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide has made great contributions to the field of medical imaging, providing a key imaging basis for disease diagnosis and treatment.
How safe is 5-amino-n, n '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide?
5 - amino - N, N '- bis (2,3 - dihydroxypropyl) - 2,4,6 - triiodobenzene - 1,3 - dicarboxamide, is the name of a compound. To know its safety, it is necessary to investigate many parties in detail.
To observe its chemical structure, it contains iodine, amino and carboxamide groups. There are many iodine atoms, or it has specific effects on human metabolism and physiological processes. The presence of amino groups, carboxyamides and dihydroxypropyl groups makes the compound have certain polarity and reactivity.
From the perspective of pharmacological experiments, if this compound is used for medicinal purposes, it must undergo multiple animal experiments. Observe the effect of it on the function of various organs of animals, blood biochemical indicators, behavior, etc. If the animals do not show significant abnormalities in the experiment, such as organ damage, physiological index disorders, behavioral abnormalities, etc., it initially shows that its safety is acceptable.
However, human and animal physiology are different, and clinical trials are also required. In clinical trials, observe the reactions of subjects at different doses. If a small amount is used, the subjects do not feel uncomfortable, and there are no adverse changes after inspection, and the dose is gradually increased without serious adverse reactions, such as allergies, toxic reactions, etc., it can be said that its safety is higher.
But after the drug is used for a long time, it may have long-term effects. It is necessary to follow up the users of this compound for a long time to find out whether there are delayed adverse reactions, such as potential organ damage, carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. And different individuals have different reactions to it, and individual differences need to be considered. Therefore, comprehensive research and investigation can accurately judge its safety.
What is the production method of 5-amino-n, n '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide?
5 - amino - N, N '- bis (2,3 - dihydroxypropyl) - 2,4,6 - triiodobenzene - 1,3 - dicarboxamide is the chemical name of iodohexanol. The preparation method is complicated and requires delicate control.
The first is the choice of starting material, often based on isophthalic acid, because it has a modifiable carboxyl group, which is the basis for subsequent reactions. Isophthalic acid first reacts with specific reagents to activate the carboxyl group. For example, when treated with sulfuryl chloride, the carboxyl group is converted to an acid chloride, and the activity is greatly increased.
Then an amino group is introduced, and it is often reacted with ammonia or amine reagents under suitable conditions. This step requires temperature control, time control, and the selection of a suitable solvent to maintain the precise substitution of amino groups and the yield is considerable.
Then iodine atoms are introduced, and iodizing reagents, such as iodine and appropriate oxidizing agents, are mostly used. The iodization reaction needs to be carefully adjusted according to the activity of the substrate and the reaction conditions. Because the position and quantity of iodine atoms introduced have a great impact on the structure and properties of the product, iodine atoms are usually connected by electrophilic substitution reaction at specific positions in the benzene ring.
In addition, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl is connected, generally reacting with intermediates with reagents containing 2,3-dihydroxypropyl. This step may involve reactions such as nucleophilic substitution, and the conditions also need to be strictly selected to ensure that the groups are
After the reaction is completed, the product needs to be separated and purified, and chromatography and recrystallization are commonly used. Chromatography can be separated according to the polarity and adsorption of the product and impurities; recrystallization can be purified by different solubility of the product and impurities at different temperatures to obtain high purity 5-amino-N, N '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide. Each step of the reaction requires fine grinding conditions, and the operator also needs to have a deep chemical foundation and rich practical experience to obtain satisfactory results.
What are the advantages of 5-amino-n, n '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide over other similar compounds?
5 - amino - N, N '- bis (2,3 - dihydroxypropyl) - 2,4,6 - triiodobenzene - 1,3 - dicarboxamide, which is the English name of iohexanol. Iohexanol is a non-ionic X-ray contrast agent, which has many advantages over other similar compounds.
First of all, it is safe. In the past, ionic contrast agents, the charge will interfere with the electrolyte balance in the body, and can also easily cause damage to the vascular endothelium and blood-brain barrier, resulting in frequent adverse reactions. Iohexanol is non-ionic, and the charge interference is negligible, which greatly reduces the chance of adverse reactions. Patients tolerate it well, such as reducing nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions.
The second is low osmotic pressure. Hyperosmotic contrast agent injected into blood vessels will cause local osmotic pressure to rise sharply, causing dehydration and swelling of vascular endothelial cells, affecting blood circulation, and also stimulating nerves to cause pain. The osmotic pressure of iohexanol is close to human plasma, which is less irritating to blood vessels and nerves, and can relieve patient discomfort, such as reducing pain at the injection site and vascular endothelial damage.
Furthermore, it has low chemical toxicity. Its chemical structure is stable, it is not easy to degrade in the body to produce toxic substances, and it has slight damage to human tissues and organs. It greatly reduces toxicity to important organs such as kidneys. It is safer to use in patients with poor renal function and reduces the risk of nephropathy caused by contrast agent.
And the image Iodohexanol has high iodine content and can effectively absorb X-rays. It can clearly display the morphology and structure of tissues and organs during imaging, which can help doctors accurately diagnose diseases. Whether it is angiography, CT enhanced scanning, etc., it can provide high-quality images and reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
In summary, 5-amino-N, N '-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) -2,4,6-triiodobenzene-1,3-dicarboxamide (iodohexanol) exhibits significant advantages in the field of medical imaging due to its safety, hypotonic, low toxicity, and excellent imaging characteristics, providing strong support for disease diagnosis.