What is the Chinese name of Benzene, 1,2 - diiodo -?

The author of "Tiangong Kaiwu" was written by Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty. It contains all kinds of processes and technologies in detail, and occupies an important position in the history of science and technology in China. However, the chemical knowledge and naming rules at that time were very different from those of today. The so-called "Benzene, 1,2 - diiodo-" in the classical style of "Tiangong Kaiwu" today, it may be difficult to find an accurate correspondence.

If it is given the name, it can be called "ortho-isomer of diiodobenzene". Benzene, the cyclic hydrocarbon of today's chemistry, although it did not have this precise understanding in the past, its structure is cyclic, or it can be associated with "genus of cyclic hydrocarbons". " 1, 2 - diiodo- ", indicating that the position of the iodine atom on the benzene ring is adjacent, that is, the position of the ortho," diiodine generation ", indicating that the diiodine atom replaces the hydrogen atom on the benzene ring. Therefore, in the style of ancient classical Chinese, this substance can be called" the cyclic hydrocarbon of the ortho-diiodine generation ". Although it is not directly related to the original content of" Tiangong Kaiwu ", it is named in this way according to the cognition and expression habits of that time, and it can represent its approximate structure and characteristics.

What are the physical properties of Benzene, 1, 2 - diiodo -?

1,2-Diiodobenzene is an organic compound. It has specific physical properties. Looking at its properties, at room temperature, 1,2-diiodobenzene is a solid, with a white or yellowish color, which is a characteristic of its appearance.

The melting point is about 41 to 43 degrees Celsius. When heated to this temperature range, the substance gradually melts from a solid state to a liquid state. As for the boiling point, it is about 284 degrees Celsius. At this high temperature, 1,2-diiodobenzene converts from a liquid state to a gaseous state.

The density of 1,2-diiodobenzene is also an important physical property. Its density is higher than that of water, so it will sink to the bottom when placed in water.

In terms of solubility, 1,2-diiodobenzene is insoluble in water, which is due to its molecular structure characteristics, and the interaction with water molecules is weak. However, it is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and benzene. Due to the principle of "similar miscibility", the compound has a similar molecular structure to these organic solvents, and the interaction force between them is conducive to its dissolution.

In addition, 1,2-diiodobenzene has a certain degree of volatility. Although the degree of volatilization is not very high, under certain conditions, some molecules will escape from the solid or liquid state into the gas phase. Its odor is slightly irritating, so you need to pay attention when using or contacting it. Overall, these physical properties are important factors to consider when studying and applying 1,2-diiodobenzene.

What are the chemical properties of Benzene, 1, 2 - diiodo -

Benzene, 1,2-diiodide, this is an organic compound. Its chemical properties are unique and interesting.

First, it has the property of substitution reaction. Due to the stable structure of the benzene ring, the presence of iodine atoms increases the activity of hydrogen atoms in the ortho and para-position. In case of electrophilic reagents, electrophilic substitution reactions are prone to occur. The reagent attacks the benzene ring and exchanges with hydrogen atoms. The iodine atom can be retained, and the new group can be connected to the benzene ring. This process requires specific catalysts and reaction conditions to proceed smoothly.

Second, it can participate in the elimination reaction. Under the action of a suitable base, 1,2-diiodobenzene can undergo a reaction to eliminate hydrogen iodide and form a carbon-carbon double bond on the benzene ring. This reaction can form an unsaturated bond, which lays the foundation for the subsequent synthesis of complex compounds.

Third, it also has certain redox properties. The valence of the iodine atom is variable, and when it encounters a strong oxidizing agent, the iodine atom can be oxidized and the valence increases; when it encounters a strong reducing agent, the iodine atom can be reduced, separated from the compound, or form a low-priced iodine-containing substance.

Furthermore, due to the benzene ring, it has a certain aromaticity. Although it is affected by the iodine atom, the aromaticity changes slightly compared with benzene itself, it still retains some of the properties of typical aromatic compounds, such as not easy to add, and tends to maintain the stability of the The chemical properties of 1,2-diiodobenzene are rich and diverse, and it is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be converted into a variety of valuable compounds through various reactions.

What is the main use of Benzene, 1,2 - diiodo -?

Benzene, 1,2-diiodide, this substance has a wide range of uses. In the field of organic synthesis, it is often a key raw material, and can be derived from a variety of chemical reactions.

For example, in the construction of complex cyclic structures, benzene, 1,2-diiodide can interact with many active reagents through ingenious reaction paths, thus forming various special carbon ring and heterocyclic systems. These cyclic compounds are of great significance in the field of medicinal chemistry, and may become an important intermediate for the development of new drugs, contributing to the development of human health.

Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it also plays an important role. Through specific polymerization reactions, benzene, 1,2-diiodide can be introduced into the skeleton structure of polymer materials, thereby imparting unique electrical, optical or mechanical properties to the materials. For example, some polymer materials containing this structure may have excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, which shows potential application value in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells.

In addition, in the production of fine chemicals, benzene, 1,2-diiodide is often used to prepare high-value-added fine chemicals, such as special dyes, fragrances and functional additives, which play a role in improving product quality and performance. With its unique chemical structure, it endows various types of fine chemical products with unique characteristics and advantages, meeting the needs of different industries for high-quality fine chemicals.

What are the synthesis methods of Benzene, 1, 2 - diiodo -

To make 1,2-diiodobenzene, you can follow the following ancient method:
Take the benzene first, mix it with nitrate and sulfur. The temperature is about fifty to sixty degrees, and the nitrobenzene is obtained by nitrification. This step is because the π electrons of benzene are rich in electrons and are vulnerable to electrophilic attack. Nitro positive ions are strong electrophilics, so they can be electrophilically substituted with benzene to obtain nitrobenzene.
The nitrobenzene is returned with iron and hydrochloric acid to obtain aniline. This is because iron and hydrochloric acid can provide active hydrogen to convert nitro groups into amino groups, which is a common method of nitro reduction. After
, aniline interacts with iodomethane, through nucleophilic substitution, the lone pair electrons on nitrogen attack the carbon of iodomethane, and the iodine ions leave to obtain N-methylaniline.
Then make N-methylaniline co-warm with iodine and an appropriate amount of oxidant (such as hydrogen peroxide). Iodine increases in activity under the action of oxidant, and is prone to electrophilic substitution with benzene ring, and due to the positioning effect of amino groups, it mainly reacts in adjacent and para-sites. 1,2-diiodine-N-methylaniline can be obtained through regulation.
Finally, 1,2-diiodobenzene is obtained by treating 1,2-diiodobenzene with appropriate reagents (such as sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid) to form diazonium salts, followed by hydrolysis or other denitrification methods to remove nitrogen. In this series of steps, by taking advantage of the reaction characteristics of each step, iodine atoms are gradually introduced and benzene rings are modified to achieve the purpose of preparing 1,2-diiodobenzene.