What is the Chinese name of this compound?

The Chinese name of this compound is "realgar".

Realgar is a common substance in ancient Chinese alchemy and is also a traditional Chinese medicine. Its chemical composition is arsenic disulfide ($As_2S_2 $).

Looking at its shape and quality, realgar is often orange-yellow lumps or granular aggregates, brittle in quality, and has a diamond-like luster on the crystal surface. In "Tiangong Kaiwu", the records of realgar are quite detailed: "Where realgar is born in the deep mountains in the south. It is harvested by human fire, and it is poisonous and unbearable to eat. It is the essence of the mountain, and it is formed in the summer moon, so it is the yang energy." It is said that realgar is mostly born in deep mountain caves in the south, and after being harvested and smelted by fire, it is poisonous and unbearable to eat. Because it is the essence of the mountain and the stone liquid are formed in the summer moon, it contains yang energy.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" also says: "" Materia Medica "says that pregnant women should not take realgar." Because realgar contains arsenic, arsenic has a teratogenic risk to fetal development, which shows that the ancients have observed its toxicity and used it cautiously.

Realgar was widely used in ancient times. First, in the field of alchemy, the ancients wanted to use its chemical properties to refine longevity pills. Although they did not achieve the wish of longevity, they accumulated chemical knowledge. Second, in terms of medicine, it has the effects of detoxification and insecticide, dryness and dampness, expectoration, and malaria interception, and can treat carbuncles, boils, snake bites, and insect abdominal pain. Third, in folk customs, during the Dragon Boat Festival, people often add realgar to wine to make realgar wine, sprinkle it on the corner or drink it to exorcise evil spirits and avoid insects.

However, it should be remembered that realgar is poisonous, and it must be used according to the doctor's instructions and standardized operations to prevent poisoning.

What are its physical properties?

Something is rigid and soft, and there is a difference between firmness and brittleness. The strong one can be burdened without breaking, and it is difficult to destroy in the event of a strong attack. It is like the quality of gold and stone, which bears the strength of thousands of troops and remains constant; the soft one can change with the shape, and it can flex and stretch freely. It is like the tenacity of a panda reed, which can be swayed by wind and rain without stopping.

On its strength, it can withstand the erosion of time. It has undergone cold and heat without changing its quality. It is also preserved in the calcination of fire. It is like ancient black iron, which has been tempered in various ways and becomes more and more tough. However, when it is brittle, if it is slightly careless, or hit by an external force, it will fall to the ground like glass and be broken into powder.

This thing has the nature of When it is hot, it may soften and deform, just like when spring ice meets warmth, it gradually melts and gradually melts; or it can expand and extend, such as when wood meets fire, and the texture is relaxed. And when it is cold, it may become abnormally hard, like cold iron frost, cold and powerful; or shrink and tighten, like winter wood, restrained and clumsy.

Its conductivity is also different. For a good conductor, the current passes through like a river of water, smooth and unobstructed, which can make the light turn, such as copper and iron; for an insulator, the current is difficult to invade, like a barrier, so that the electricity cannot exceed the thunder pool one step, like ceramics and rubber.

As for its density, there are heavy ones like lead and tin, which are sunk in water and difficult to float, and feel heavy in the palm of your hand; light ones like red hair and kapok, which can float in the wind and float on water, light and comfortable. All these things are changeable and have their own strengths, all of which are the wonders of creation in heaven and earth.

What are its chemical properties?

What are the chemical properties of a substance? To know this in detail, it is necessary to observe the reaction between it and other substances and the change of the environment in which it is located. In ancient Chinese, it is described by you.

The chemical properties of a substance are related to its characteristics manifested in various chemical changes. Look at the change of a substance in different situations and encounter other things. The sign of this change is the appearance of its chemical properties.

Like gold, under normal conditions, it is extremely difficult to react with other things, so it has good stability. If it is calcined by fire, it will rarely change, which is due to the chemical properties of gold. Gold is not easy to synthesize with oxygen. Although it has been exposed to air for a long time, it is difficult to rust. It is a valuable and often treasure.

If it is sodium, it is extremely lively. When placed in water, it will respond immediately. Sodium swims on the water surface, hissing, and catches fire. This is because sodium and water are accelerated, and sodium hydroxide and hydrogen are produced, and hydrogen is flammable, so it starts to burn. This violent response shows the active chemistry of sodium.

Looking at carbon again, it burns in sufficient oxygen to produce carbon dioxide; if there is insufficient oxygen, it produces carbon monoxide. This is due to the different amount of oxygen in the combustion environment, the reaction of carbon generation is different, and it is also clear that the chemistry of carbon will change with the environment.

In all these, it can be seen that the chemical properties of a substance are not static. They are determined by their own nature and are also influenced by external conditions. To understand the chemistry of a substance, one must observe its reactions in a variety of environments and analyze its changes in detail to get the whole picture.

What are its common uses?

All things have their uses. Now that something is commonly used, it should be carefully observed. This thing may be helpful in the matter of farming and mulberry. Ancient farmers relied on it to cultivate the land, making the soil loose and fertile, which was conducive to the growth of seeds and the growth of seedlings. When plowing in spring, this thing breaks the soil and spreads, and is well-organized, which is the foundation of farming for a year.

It is also indispensable in the work of craftsmen. It can cut wood, make it conform to regulations, make it into a pillar material, or make exquisite utensils. If it is woodworking, use it to cut wood as mortise and tenon, and it fits seamlessly to form a sturdy wooden tool for people's daily use, such as tables, chairs, etc., which is practical and beautiful.

In war, it also has an important function. It can be used as a weapon to defend against the enemy and defend the country. Soldiers hold it, or stab or chop it, to protect the peace of the country and the well-being of the people. When the drums of war are beating, this object is in hand, and it moves forward bravely, demonstrating fearless courage and loyalty.

As for home life, there are also many conveniences. It can be used to repair houses, strengthen doors and windows, and make the residence stable. In case of debris accumulation, it can also be used to clean up and orderly, so that the courtyard is neat and orderly.

And on solemn occasions such as sacrifices, this object may have a specific symbolic significance. It is displayed in the place of sacrifice, carrying the respect and prayers of the people, communicating with people and gods, and maintaining the continuation of traditional etiquette and customs.

From this perspective, the use of this object covers agriculture, work, warfare, housing, and sacrifice. It has a profound impact on all aspects of the lives of the ancients, and it is indeed an indispensable thing.

What are its synthesis methods?

Mercury is synthesized by many methods. The ancient alchemists mostly started with Dan sand. In the case of Dan sand, mercury sulfide is also, after calcination, Dan sand is decomposed by heat, sulfur escapes in the air, and mercury emerges. It is as silver in color, like water in quality, and flows impermanent.

There are also those who use cinnabar as raw material. Cinnabar is a sulfide mineral of mercury. It is co-placed in a crucible with an appropriate amount of carbon and calcined in a fierce fire. The carbon is reductive, and when combined with the sulfur in the cinnabar, the mercury is segregated. This is also a method of synthesis.

There are also ancient people who saw the natural overflow of mercury in the mercury mine, so they collected it. However, if it spills naturally, the amount is difficult to collect. There are also mercury ores co-located with metals such as iron. The activity of iron is higher than that of mercury, and mercury can be replaced from its ores. This replacement method can also obtain mercury.

However, all synthetic methods need to be done with caution. Mercury is highly toxic, and its vapor inhaled into the human body can cause damage to the viscera and confusion. Ancient alchemists, in order to seek longevity, often refined mercury into Dan, and those who take it often cause serious illness and even death. Therefore, when synthesizing mercury, the protection method should not be ignored, and it must be done with a closed device and a ventilated environment to avoid mercury poisoning.