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What is the Chinese name of this substance?
Since no specific substances are mentioned, the following is an example of "cinnabar", which is modeled on the classical style of "Tiangong Kaiwu":
Cinnabar is a common mineral. Its color is vermilion red and dazzling. Ancient alchemists regarded it as an important item for alchemy, hoping to refine the elixir of longevity.
Cinnabar is born in ore veins, and its mining is also very difficult. Miners enter deep caves, the candle fire is faint, and they search hard. The ore obtained needs to be refined through various processes. First smash the ore, wash it with water, and remove its coarse stone impurities. After that, it is put into a crucible, calcined with fire, and after it melts and condenses, cinnabar is initially formed.
The use of cinnabar is not only at the end of alchemy. In the art of painting, cinnabar is the top grade of paint, painted paintings, lasting for a long time, and the color is the same as before. And in the way of medicine, it also has its functions. It has the effect of calming the nerves, and can treat heart palpitations and insomnia. However, its nature is slightly poisonous, so use it with caution, and follow the advice of doctors.
Cinnabar has a long track in the history of China. Since ancient times, it has been valued by the world. It is either a sacrificial ritual vessel, or a thing to wear to ward off evil spirits. It carries the wisdom and belief of the ancients, and leaves a profound imprint on culture, skills, medicine and other fields. It is really a treasure bestowed by heaven and earth.
What are its physical properties?
The material of things is rational, and the complexity is complex, and the king said it.
Its surface, or it is as hard as a stone, can bear great strength without breaking. The ancient good work, with its fine tools, its edge is good, and it can be cut into gold jade. This is because the ground is dense and dense, so it can be so. Or it is soft and like a stone, and it is easy to cut jade. It is as smooth as a stone. It is because of its softness and softness.
Its color, multicolored color, cannot be used. There is a red like a fire, burning and giving birth to light, as if rising in the morning, vigorous and energetic; there is a green like emerald jade, which is green and contains yellow, just like the best wood in the deep mountains, which is quiet and prosperous; there is a white like frost and snow, which is white and flawed, just like the flowers of the sky, which are green and vulgar. The colors of the stencil are all taken from nature in heaven and earth, or artificial, each showing its beauty.
Its density is also different. There are heavy ones, which sink when they enter the water, just like boulders, which are heavy and deep. In the past, the tripod was made of heavy gold, which was large and heavy, and was used in the sect to show respect. This is because of its high density and large amount. Those who have black ones can float on the water surface, if the hair meets the waves, and they swim leisurely. Such as wood, it can be carried in boats, rivers, lakes and seas, all because of its low density, buoyancy can be preserved.
Its performance, whether good or not. Those who are good at making money, if it is made of gold, it can be burned with fire, and it can be burned immediately. It can be used to cook utensils and speed to cook delicacies. And those who are not good at making money, such as wood pottery, can be kept in their hands, holding it without breaking it. Therefore, they often use the handle of the utensil to ensure the safety of the user.
Its performance is also poor. Gold is multi-functional, so that it can flow, make it clear, and facilitate life. However, things that are not made of gold, such as porcelain and rubber, can block the flow and prevent people from making it.
Therefore, the physical nature of things, because of things, each has its own wonders, and we use them to benefit the world.
What are its chemical properties?
The chemical properties of this thing are quite complicated, let me explain in detail.
First, it is flammable. Like all organic things, when exposed to open flames and hot topics, it is easy to burn, just like dry wood when exposed to fire, it burns, and when it burns, it often produces light and heat, or is accompanied by smoke. In life and industry, advantages and disadvantages coexist. The advantages can be energy, heating and power generation needs; the disadvantages, if not properly controlled, it will become a fire, endangering life and property.
Second, acidity and alkalinity. Either acidic or alkaline, this property is related to its reaction with other things. Acidic substances can be neutralized with alkalis, just like the fusion of yin and yang to produce new substances. For example, hydrochloric acid meets sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water, and the reaction is smooth and orderly. Alkaline substances can also react with acidic substances, and play a key role in many chemical processes. For example, in the metallurgical industry, alkaline substances can help separate impurities.
Third, oxidation and reduction. Oxidative substances can take electrons from others and make them oxidize; those with reducing properties are willing to sacrifice their electrons and make themselves oxidize. The two are opposed to each other and depend on each other. For example, when iron reacts with copper sulfate solution, iron is reductive, giving electrons to copper ions to oxidize itself into ferrous ions, while electrons from copper ions are reduced to copper elemental matter. This reaction shows the transfer of electrons between substances, which is also the essence of many chemical reactions.
Fourth, stability. Some substances are chemically stable, and under normal temperature and pressure, it is difficult to react with others, just like a hermit, immune to it. Some substances are active and abnormal, and change when exposed to external stimuli. For example, sodium metal, placed in the air, reacts with oxygen instantly, and the surface loses its luster, which is a manifestation of different stability.
Its chemical properties are so diverse that they play an important role in industry, scientific research, and life. Only by knowing its properties can we make good use of it, avoid its harm, and promote its benefits.
What fields is it mainly used in?
The things recorded in "Tiangong Kaiwu" are widely used and depend on in many fields.
In the field of agriculture, its detailed methods of farming. For example, cereal planting, the sowing season, soil selection, and fertilization skills of crops such as rice and wheat are discussed. Rice seeds are selected in plump fields and sown in late spring. They are applied with manure and green manure to ensure that the seedlings are strong and full of ears. Such agronomy helps farmers increase grain production and maintains the foundation of people's livelihood.
In the field of handicrafts, the method of ceramic firing is exquisite and fascinating. From the selection of clay, mud shaping, to the control of the temperature of the kiln, they are all described in detail. Kaolin is a good material for making porcelain. After kneading and drawing the billet into a pot, it is put into the kiln with pine wood as the salary, and the heat is adjusted according to the porcelain quality. Then it becomes exquisite porcelain, which is sold at home and famous overseas.
Metal smelting is also emphasized by "Tiangong Kaiwu". The method of smelting iron and steel, from ore mining, blasting and smelting, to forging and forming, has clear steps. Using charcoal as fuel, the skin bag is blasted to melt iron. After repeated forging, impurities are removed and refined steel is formed, which is used to make agricultural tools and weapons, to strengthen farmers and defend the country.
In the textile industry, the method of sericulture and silk reeling and weaving is complete. The mulberry is planted and selected, and the silkworm is fed with suitable temperature and humidity, and the silk is reeled with fine silk. The construction and operation of the loom are also detailed, which can weave silk and satin, enrich clothing, and benefit commerce and trade.
In addition, the art of papermaking is also recorded. From cutting bamboo and floating ponds, boiling the foot fire, to pounding the pot and swinging the material into the curtain, the process is complicated and orderly. The paper made is of a wide variety, for writing, printing, packaging, spreading culture, and benefiting all industries.
The art described in "Tiangong Kaiwu" is a treasure in many fields such as agriculture, industry, and mining. It promotes the development of all industries and benefits future generations. It is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese science and technology and has far-reaching influence.
What is its preparation method?
The method of making a certain artifact is extraordinary, and it is actually a wonderful technique of the immortal family. Today, the details are as follows:
If you want to make this artifact, first take the essence of hardware, gold take its rigidity, silver take its moisturizing, copper take its toughness, iron take its firmness, and tin take its softness, and melt it in a furnace according to exquisite proportions. The furnace needs to be built of Kunlun red stone, and it is calcined by the true fire of samadhi. When the fire burns, it shines brightly in heaven and earth, and the five colors are gorgeous.
When the hardware is melted into a spiritual liquid, it is poured into the mold made of deep-sea cold jade. Cold jade is collected from the abyss, and it is condensed for thousands of years. It is ice-clear and jade When injecting the spirit liquid, it is necessary to have a spirit person spell it with a secret method, and the sound of the spell is melodious, like the sound of nature, attracting the spiritual energy of heaven and earth to gather.
Then, when it cools and forms, tap it carefully with the hammer of Nine Heavens Mysterious Iron. Every blow contains the wisdom of the universe, and the priority is fixed. When hitting, sparks splash everywhere, but it does not hurt the utensils in the slightest. This hammer has been tempered for ten thousand years, is incomparably hard, and has spirituality. It can make the texture of the utensils natural, and it contains mystery.
Then, nourish with fairy grass spirit dew. Fairy grass is born on the cliffs of spiritual peaks and collects the essence of the sun and the moon; the spirit dew is collected in the early morning stamens, absorbing the harmony of heaven and earth. Mash the fairy grass, mix it with the spirit dew, and apply it to the utens The artifacts are nourished by this, and they glow with a strange light, like a summer coat.
Finally, on the night when the stars are bright, the artifacts are placed on the top of the mountains to be baptized by the wind. The wind is fierce, and it can remove its impurities and refine its essence. When the east is white, the artifact will be completed. Its charm is restrained and its power is hidden. It is a rare treasure that can be easily created by extraordinary people.