Decane 1 10 Diiodo

1,10-Diiododecane, an organohalogenated hydrocarbon compound, has the following chemical properties:
- ** Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction **: The iodine atoms in the molecule, due to electronegativity differences, make the C-I bond polar, and the iodine atoms are easily replaced by nucleophiles. In case of hydroxyl negative ions (OH), nucleophilic substitution can occur, and iodine is replaced by hydroxyl groups to form 1,10-decanediol. This reaction is more likely to occur in alkaline solutions, because the alkaline environment can enhance the nucleophilicity of nucleophiles.
- ** Elimination reaction **: Under strong alkali and appropriate heating conditions, 1,10-diiododecane can undergo elimination reaction, remove a molecule of hydrogen iodide (HI), and generate compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds. If the strength and dosage of the base are sufficient, it may be further eliminated to form diolefins.
- ** Reaction with metals **: It can react with certain metals, such as magnesium (Mg), in anhydrous ether and other solvents to form organomagnesium reagents (Grignard reagents). The generated Grignard reagents are extremely active and can be used to construct carbon-carbon bonds. They can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions with various carbonyl compounds such as alters, ketones, and esters to prepare alcohols and other compounds with different structures.
- ** Reduction reaction **: It can be reduced by a reducing agent, such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH), to break the C-I bond, and the iodine atom is replaced by a hydrogen atom to eventually form decane. This reduction reaction is often used in organic synthesis to remove halogen atoms and achieve specific structural transformations.

1,10-Diiododecane is an organic compound. Its physical properties are unique, let me tell you one by one.
Looking at its appearance, at room temperature, 1,10-diiododecane is often a colorless to light yellow oily liquid. This state is quite common in many chemical experiments and industrial applications, and the oily state is easy to pour, transfer and mix.
When it comes to the melting point, its melting point is relatively low, about 24 ° C. This property makes it liquid at an environment slightly higher than normal temperature, making it easy to participate in various chemical reactions. The boiling point is higher, about 200 ° C (1.33kPa). A high boiling point indicates that when heated, it needs to reach a certain temperature before it can be converted into a gaseous state. This property is crucial in chemical processes such as separation and purification.
As for the density, the density of 1,10-diiododecane is greater than that of water, about 1.789g/cm ³. When mixed with water, because of its high density, it will sink to the bottom of the water. This property helps to distinguish it from water or other substances with less density than water by simple liquid-liquid separation methods.
In terms of solubility, 1,10-diiododecane is insoluble in water. This is because water is a polar solvent, while 1,10-diiododecane has a weak molecular polarity. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", it is difficult to dissolve in water. However, it is soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, chloroform, etc. The solubility characteristics of organic solvents make 1,10-diiododecane in the field of organic synthesis, as a reactant or intermediate, with the help of organic solvents to participate in complex chemical reactions.
In addition, 1,10-diiododecane has a certain volatility. Although the volatility is not strong, some of it will evaporate into the air under exposure or heating conditions. Its vapor is heavier than air and will spread close to the ground. When using and storing, pay attention to ventilation to prevent the accumulation of steam from causing safety hazards.
The above are the main physical properties of 1,10-diiododecane.

1,10-Diiododecane, an organic compound. Its main uses are quite extensive.
In the field of organic synthesis, it can be called a key intermediate. Through clever chemical reactions, it can be converted into many other organic compounds. For example, it can react with specific reagents to form carbon-carbon bonds, and then prepare organic molecules with specific structures and functions. This is of great significance in the fields of drug development and materials science. In drug development, compounds synthesized through its participation may have unique biological activities or lay the foundation for the search for new drugs. In materials science, by synthesizing special organic materials, or having unique physical and chemical properties, such as good electrical conductivity, optical properties, etc., can be applied to electronic devices, optical materials and other fields.
In chemical research, it is also often used as a model compound. Scientists can gain insight into more complex organic chemical processes and laws through in-depth investigation of their chemical reaction characteristics and physical properties, contributing to the development of organic chemical theory. In addition, in the preparation of some fine chemical products, it also plays an indispensable role in the production of fine chemicals with high quality and unique properties.

To prepare 1,10-diiododecane, the method is as follows:
First, decanediol is taken, and an appropriate acid is used as a catalyst to heat it with hydroiodic acid. In this reaction, the hydrogen of hydroiodic acid interacts with the hydroxyl group of decanediol, and the dehydroxyl group is replaced by an iodine atom, so that 1,10-diiododecane is obtained. However, this reaction needs to pay attention to the reaction conditions, and the temperature should not be too high to prevent side reactions from happening.
There is another method, which can first react with decanediol and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to obtain p-toluenesulfonate. In this ester, the sulfonate group is a good leaving group. Then the acetone solution of potassium iodide is reacted with it, and the nucleophilic iodine ion replaces the sulfonate group, and 1,10-diiododecane can also be obtained. Although there are many steps in this method, the reaction conditions are milder and the yield is also good.
can also be used for halogenated alkane coupling. Using 1-iodopentane as raw material, under the action of metal zinc or magnesium, a coupling reaction occurs. For example, in anhydrous ether, magnesium is made into Grignard reagent, which is then reacted with another molecule 1-iodopentane, and hydrolyzed to obtain 1,10-diiododecane. However, Grignard reagent has high activity and needs to be isolated from water vapor and air during preparation and reaction.

For 1,10-diiododecane, all precautions must be observed when using it. This chemical has certain characteristics and latent risks, so use it with caution.
The first one is related to safety protection. Because it may be toxic and irritating, it is necessary to wear suitable protective equipment when contacting. Goggles can protect the eyes from splashing to prevent them from entering the eyes and hurting the eyes; gloves can protect the hands from skin contact, cover skin contact or cause allergies, burns and other diseases. Wearing protective clothing can also prevent it from being contaminated with clothes and prevent it from penetrating and harming the body.
The second one is in the operating environment. It is necessary to ensure good ventilation. This is because the volatile gas of the substance may cause air pollution and damage respiratory health. If used in a confined space, the gas will accumulate and the risk will increase sharply. And the place of operation should be far away from fire and heat sources. It may be flammable. In case of open fire or hot topic, it may cause fire or even explosion, endangering personal and facility safety.
Furthermore, it is related to storage. It should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place away from direct sunlight. Improper storage, such as excessive temperature, excessive humidity, or changes in its properties, will affect the use or increase its danger. Different chemicals should not be mixed to prevent mutual reaction and accidents.
Repeat, the operation specification is also the key. When taking it, measure it accurately, according to the needs of the experiment or production, not more or less. During the operation process, strictly abide by the procedures, and do not act recklessly. After use, properly dispose of the remaining items, do not discard them at will, and deal with them in accordance with relevant regulations and standards to avoid polluting the environment.
In short, with 1,10-diiododecane, safety is paramount, and all precautions should be kept in mind and operated with caution to ensure safety.