What are the main uses of iodiphenyldiacetate?
Arsenic, or arsenic trioxide, is highly toxic and rarely beneficial. However, it occasionally has unique uses in ancient alchemy and medicine.
In ancient alchemy, or involving alchemy and other strange techniques. "Tiangong Kaiwu" says: "Sand, mercury, lead, silver, copper, and iron are all refined from the soil, and arsenic is also refined from stone." Alchemists refined medicine, hoping to use arsenic and other exotic stones to refine magical pills, hoping to prolong life and be otherworldly. Although it is absurd, it reflects the exploration and imagination of special substances at that time.
For medical use, "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Arsenic, hot in sex, has great poison. Can eat evil meat, rob phlegm, and kill insects." After an appropriate amount of arsenic is processed, it can be used as medicine. Ancient medicine used it to treat cold phlegm asthma, malaria, syphilis and other diseases. If you treat cold phlegm asthma, use arsenic with light tempeh, make pills to take it, and borrow arsenic toxicity to rob phlegm and calm asthma. However, due to toxicity, the dosage is extremely difficult to grasp, and a little carelessness can endanger life. Non-experienced doctors dare not use it easily.
It is necessary to be clear that arsenic is highly toxic, and ordinary people cannot avoid it. With the progress of modern medicine, there are many safer and more effective drugs to replace it. The application of arsenic in ancient times was only tried under specific historical conditions. Today's people must not follow suit rashly. When modern scientific medical treatment shall prevail, life and health shall be protected.
What are the physical and chemical properties of iodiphenyldiacetate?
Arsenic, or arsenic trioxide, has unique chemical properties, and there are also traces in "Tiangong Kaiwu".
Arsenic is a white powdery solid, odorless, slightly sweet but highly toxic. From a chemical perspective, it is an amphoteric oxide that can react with both acids and bases. When exposed to acid, arsenic will generate corresponding arsenic salts and water, and this reaction may release toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide. Do not try it lightly. When reacted with alkali, arsenite and water are formed.
In ancient times, arsenic was often red due to the presence of impurities, so it was called "crane top red". Its toxicity is violent, because it can combine with thiol groups in many enzymes in the human body, which seriously interferes with the normal function of enzymes, causes metabolic disorders in the human body, and endangers life.
In "Tiangong Kaiwu", the preparation of arsenic may be involved. In ancient times, although arsenic was highly toxic, there were also doctors who, after special processing, used it in very small doses for the treatment of certain diseases, such as scabies, syphilis, etc. This is the ingenious use of arsenic's characteristics by the ancients, and the method of using poison to fight poison. However, when using the drug, the dose control is extremely critical, and if there is a slight mistake, it will become a deadly poison.
Because of its highly toxic nature, it is necessary to follow strict procedures when storing and using arsenic. If you accidentally contact or eat it by mistake, you must seek medical attention immediately. Although the ancient understanding of the chemical properties of arsenic was not as accurate as it is today, it was able to use its characteristics skillfully, either as medicine or for other purposes, which shows the wisdom of the ancients.
What are the precautions for iodiphenyldiacetate during storage and transportation?
When hiding and transporting, pay attention to all things.
When hiding, it is the first place. It is necessary to choose a cool and dry place to avoid direct sunlight and moisture. If it is in a humid and warm place, it is easy to become soft and sticky, causing damage to its shape and quality. And it should be placed in a closed device to prevent dust and filth from invading and keep it pure.
In addition, the insects and rats in the hiding place must also be prevented. Insects and rats can eat, and rodents can be spoiled. Therefore, the surrounding environment should be clean, and insect repellent objects can be placed and strictly guarded to prevent them from being harmed by insects and rats.
As for transportation, its packaging must be firm. Wrap it with tough material to prevent it from being shaken or crushed during handling. When loading and unloading, it should also be gentle and not thrown with force.
The temperature and humidity on the way should not be ignored. In the hot season, it is easy to melt; when it is cold, it may cause it to crack. Therefore, it must be adjusted according to the time. During the summer, it is cooled with ice or cooling equipment, and when it is cold, it is warm with felt cotton.
Furthermore, the speed of transportation is also related to the quality. During the long delay, the character of the car may change. Therefore, when you travel quickly, you arrive according to the schedule, and you will ensure the good state of the car, without compromising what it comes out of. Pay attention to all things in this way, and you will get good results if you paste the two acids and transport them.
What are the synthesis methods of iodiphenyldiacetate?
To make arsenic dioxalic anhydride, the following methods are used.
First, oxalic acid and phosphorus pentoxide are co-heated. The oxalic acid has a dicarboxyl group and is active in nature. Phosphorus pentoxide is a strong dehydrating agent, and the two are co-placed in a heat-resistant device and heated at a moderate temperature. In the meantime, phosphorus pentoxide grabs the water of the oxalic acid, and the carboxyl groups dehydrate and condense to form arsenic dioxalic anhydride. During the reaction, the temperature needs to be strictly controlled. If the temperature is too high, the product may decompose, and if it is too low, the reaction will be slow. And this process is suitable for well-ventilated places, because phosphorus pentoxide absorbs water and heats up < Br >
Second, it can be used as an ethylene ester and a strong dehydrating agent. First, oxalate is prepared, which is catalyzed by oxalic acid and alcohol, plus an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid, and is obtained by esterification reaction. Then oxalate is taken and mixed with a strong dehydrating agent such as phosphorus oxychloride. Phosphorus oxychloride strips the water between the alkoxy group and the carboxyl group in the ester to promote its rearrangement and condensation, and finally forms the target product. During operation, the proportion of raw materials and the reaction time need to be precisely controlled. Due to the strong corrosiveness and toxicity of phosphorus oxychloride, the operation must be cautious and well-protected.
Or, start with oxalic acid derivatives. Select the appropriate oxalic acid derivative and gradually build the desired structure through a series of reactions, such as substitution and elimination. First introduce a specific functional group, and then through dehydration and other steps, it is converted into arsenic diacetic anhydride. This approach requires multiple steps of reaction, each step must ensure the complete reaction, product purity, and high requirements for reaction conditions and separation and purification technology.
Various preparation methods have advantages and disadvantages. In actual preparation, when considering factors such as raw material availability, cost, and equipment conditions, the choice is weighed to achieve the purpose of efficient and safe preparation of arsenic diacetic anhydride.
What are the safety risks of iodylbenzodiacetate during use?
Arsenic is a highly toxic substance. Its main ingredient is arsenic disulfide, which poses many safety risks during use.
First, arsenic is extremely toxic and can be life-threatening if ingested in small amounts. If people accidentally eat or come into contact with excessive arsenic, it can cause acute poisoning. The initial symptoms are severe vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, just like the organs are roasted by fire, which can lead to dehydration, shock, and even death. Even chronic poisoning can cause serious damage to many organs of the human body, such as liver and kidney function damage, as if the delicate organs are quietly corroded, liver and kidney function are abnormal, and it also has a great impact on the nervous system, resulting in neurological dysfunction, causing people to suffer physically and mentally.
Second, arsenic is extremely stable in the environment and is extremely difficult to degrade. Once it enters the environment, it will persist for a long time, causing serious pollution to soil and water sources. The polluted soil loses its fertility and is difficult to nourish crops, just like the devastation of the earth; the polluted water sources are undrinkable for humans and animals, seriously affecting the ecological balance and human life, just like a calm lake throwing boulders into the water, causing layers of evil ripples.
Third, if the use of arsenic is poorly regulated, it is easy to be obtained by outlaws, used as a criminal tool, endangering the safety of others, destroying social peace, and posing a great threat to social order. It is like a dark shadow shrouding the world.
Therefore, the use of arsenic must be treated with caution, and it must not be easily touched by non-professionals without special purposes, so as to avoid major disasters.
