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What are the main uses of Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate?
Methyl-2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters are very important chemical substances in the field of organic synthesis. They have a wide range of uses and are often key intermediates in the creation of new drugs in the field of medicinal chemistry. The structure of the Gainpyridine ring endows the compound with unique biological activities and pharmacological properties, and can interact with specific targets in organisms. Therefore, chemists can make various chemical modifications to it to synthesize drug molecules with different curative effects, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor drugs, all of which are prepared by relying on it as a starting material.
In the field of materials science, this compound also shows unique uses. Due to the presence of halogen atoms in its structure, it can participate in specific chemical reactions to prepare polymer materials with special properties. For example, it can be used as a monomer or crosslinking agent for polymerization reactions, thereby changing the electrical, optical or mechanical properties of materials, laying the foundation for the development of new functional materials.
In addition, in pesticide chemistry, methyl-2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate also plays an important role. With its specific mechanism of action against certain pests or pathogens, it can be designed and modified rationally to develop highly efficient, low-toxic and environmentally friendly pesticide products, which can help agricultural pest control and ensure crop yield and quality.
What are the synthetic methods of Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate?
The method of preparing methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters has been used in ancient times, and is described in detail below.
First, using 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-formic acid as raw material, it is co-heated with methanol under the catalysis of concentrated sulfuric acid, and the esterification reaction is carried out. This is a classic method. Concentrated sulfuric acid is a strong protonic acid, which can protonate the carboxyl group of formic acid and enhance its electrophilicity. The hydroxyl group of methanol then attacks the carboxyl carbon nucleophilically, and through a series of intermediates, a molecule of water is removed to obtain the target product. When reacting, it is necessary to pay attention to the control of temperature. If it is too high, it is easy to cause side reactions, such as carbonization; if it is too low, the reaction rate will be slow and take a long time.
Second, 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-formyl chloride is reacted with methanol. First, formyl chloride is prepared, which is often obtained by reacting 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-formic acid with dichlorosulfoxide. The carbonyl carbon of formyl chloride has strong electrophilicity, and the hydroxyl group of methanol is easy to attack. The ester formation process is milder and the reaction rate is also fast. However, thionyl chloride is corrosive and irritating, and the operation needs to be in a well-ventilated place, and the post-reaction treatment needs to be careful to remove the residual reagents.
Third, with 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-nitrile as the starting material, first hydrolyze to acid under acidic or alkaline conditions, and then form esters according to the above esterification method. During hydrolysis, under acidic conditions, strong acids such as hydrochloric acid are required to be heated to promote the conversion of nitrile groups into carboxylic groups; sodium hydroxide solution is commonly used in alkaline conditions, and carboxylic acids can be obtained after hydrolysis. This route has a little more steps, but the raw material nitrile may be easy to obtain, depending on the actual situation.
The methods for preparing methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate have their own advantages and disadvantages. They need to be selected according to the availability of raw materials, reaction conditions, cost and many other factors. Only with careful operation can satisfactory yield and purity be obtained.
What are the physical properties of Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate?
Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester is a kind of organic compound with unique physical properties. Its appearance is mostly crystalline solid and stable under normal conditions. The melting point, boiling point and other properties of this compound are extremely important for its application and separation and purification.
In terms of melting point, it is finely determined to be in a specific temperature range (the specific value varies depending on the precise measurement conditions). At this temperature, the solid substance will gradually melt into a liquid state. This property is crucial in the identification and purity determination of substances. If the purity of the substance is high, the melting point range is narrow and close to the theoretical value; if it contains impurities, the melting point is reduced and the melting range is widened.
The boiling point is also an important physical parameter, reflecting the temperature at which the compound transitions from liquid to gaseous state. However, due to the fact that its structure contains halogen atoms such as chlorine and iodine, the intermolecular forces are complex, and the boiling point may be significantly affected. Due to the large electronegativity of halogen atoms, the intermolecular forces will be enhanced, resulting in an increase in the boiling point.
In terms of solubility, methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate has different solubility in common organic solvents. Generally speaking, in polar organic solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform, the solubility is good. Because the molecules have a certain polarity, intermolecular forces can be formed with polar solvents, such as dipole-dipole interactions, to promote their dissolution. The solubility in water is poor, due to the strong polarity of water, and although the compound contains polar groups, the overall hydrophobicity is still strong, and the force between water molecules is not enough to overcome its own intermolecular force, so it is difficult to dissolve in water.
In addition, the density of the compound is also a specific value. Although it fluctuates due to accurate measurement conditions, it generally reflects the relationship between its mass and volume, which is of great significance in practical applications such as storage and transportation. If its density is higher than that of common organic solvents, this characteristic needs to be considered when storing to ensure that the container can withstand the corresponding weight.
The above physical properties are interrelated and jointly determine the behavior of methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate in different environments, which is crucial for its application in organic synthesis, drug discovery and other fields.
What are the chemical properties of Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate?
Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester is one of the organic compounds. Its chemical properties are unique, let me explain in detail for you.
First of all, the chlorine and iodine atoms in this compound are both halogen atoms, and the halogen atoms are highly active. Chlorine atoms can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions. When encountering nucleophilic reagents, such as alcohols and amines, chlorine atoms can be replaced to form new compounds. For example, under alkaline conditions with alcohols, chlorine will be replaced by alkoxy groups to form corresponding ether derivatives. This reaction helps to construct more complex organic molecular structures.
Furthermore, iodine atoms also have special reactivity. Iodine atoms are relatively large and highly polarized, and can be used as a leaving group in some reactions to initiate a series of nucleophilic substitution or elimination reactions. And iodine atoms can also participate in metal-catalyzed reactions, such as palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, coupling with compounds containing alkenyl and aryl groups, which greatly expands its application in the field of organic synthesis.
Its pyridine ring structure also has important chemical properties. The pyridine ring is alkaline, and the lone pair electron on the nitrogen atom can bind with the proton to react with the acid to form pyridine salts. This property makes it play an important role in some acid-base catalytic reactions. At the same time, the electron cloud distribution characteristics of the pyridine ring determine that it can undergo electrophilic substitution reaction, but the reaction check point is different from that of the benzene ring. Usually, electrophilic substitution is more likely to occur at the β position (ie, the 3 position and the 5 position) of the pyridine ring, which is related to the induction and conjugation effect of the pyridine ring nitrogen atom on the electron cloud.
And the carboxyl methyl ester moiety, -COOCH 🥰 structure can undergo hydrolysis reaction. Under acidic or basic conditions, the ester group can be broken to form the corresponding carboxylic acid and methanol. Hydrolysis is more thorough under alkaline conditions, which is a common method for preparing the corresponding carboxylic acid. In addition, the ester group can also participate in the transesterification reaction, and exchange alkoxy groups with other alcohols under the action of catalysts to form new ester compounds, which enriches the types of its derivatives.
In summary, methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters have diverse chemical properties due to their different functional groups, and have broad application prospects in the field of organic synthetic chemistry.
What is the price range of Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylate in the market?
Methyl 2-chloro-5-iodopyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester is on the market, and its price range is difficult to determine. The price of this compound often varies due to many factors.
First, purity is the key factor. If the purity is extremely high, almost perfect, suitable for high-end scientific research or special industrial purposes, its price is high. And the purity is slightly less, and it is relatively easy to use for general experiments or production processes that require less harsh requirements.
Second, market supply and demand conditions also affect its price. If there is a large number of people seeking for a while, and the supply is limited, just like water in a dry time, the price will rise; on the contrary, if the supply is abundant and the demand is few, just like the leaves of autumn, which can be seen everywhere, the price will decline.
Third, the difficulty of production also affects. If the preparation of this compound requires complicated processes, rare raw materials, or harsh reaction conditions, the cost will be high, which will make it expensive; if the production process is relatively simple, and the required raw materials are common and easy to obtain, the price is expected to be close to the people.
However, it is difficult to find the exact price range after searching for the records of past transactions. To know the price, you can consult the chemical supplier or the chemical trading platform. In this way, we can obtain a more accurate price range at the moment.
