What is the Chinese name of P-chloroiodobenzene?

The name of an organic compound is p-chloroiodobenzene. In its molecular structure, there are two substituents on the benzene ring, one is a chlorine atom and the other is an iodine atom, and the two are in the opposite position.

Looking at the name of this compound, the "right" is the relative position of the table two substituents, which is also in the opposite position of the benzene ring. "Chlorine" and "iodine" are the atomic types of the substituents connected. The word "benzene" indicates that its basic structure is a benzene ring.

p-chloroiodobenzene is very useful in the field of organic synthesis. Because the chlorine and iodine atoms in the benzene ring have certain reactivity, other functional groups can be introduced through many chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions, to prepare a wide variety of organic compounds. In the field of medicinal chemistry, it is often used as an intermediate for the synthesis of drug molecules with specific biological activities; in the field of materials science, it can also be a key raw material for the synthesis of special organic materials. Therefore, although p-chloroiodobenzene is a small organic molecule, it plays an important role in many fields of organic chemistry.

What is the chemical structure of P-chloroiodobenzene?

P-chloroiodobenzene is also an organic compound. Its chemical structure is unique. The benzene ring is the base, and the upper two atoms are chlorine (Cl) and iodine (I). The benzene ring is a ring structure composed of six carbons, with a conjugated π bond, and its properties are stable.

The chlorine atom and the iodine atom each live in the para-position of the benzene ring. The chlorine atom, one of the halogen elements, has a high electronegativity and has an electron-absorbing induction effect, which has an impact on the electron cloud distribution of the benzene ring. Although the iodine atom also belongs to the halogen group, its atomic radius is large and its polarization is strong.

The two are in the para-position of the benzene ring and interact delicately. Due to the difference in electronegativity between chlorine and iodine This structure allows P-chloroiodobenzene to have the common properties of halogenated aromatics, such as electrophilic substitution reaction activity; and because of the characteristics of chlorine and iodine, it has unique reactivity. It is an important intermediate in organic synthesis chemistry and can construct complex organic molecules through various reactions.

What are the main uses of P-chloroiodobenzene?

P-chloroiodobenzene is one of the organic compounds and has important uses in the fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials science.

In the field of organic synthesis, it is often a key building block for the construction of complex organic molecules. Due to the different reactivity of chlorine and iodine atoms, chemists can selectively cause them to react according to specific reaction conditions, so as to precisely construct the required carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds. For example, in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, chlorine atoms or iodine atoms can be coupled with different organometallic reagents to synthesize biphenyl derivatives with diverse structures, which is of great significance in the total synthesis of natural products and the development of new drugs.

In the field of medicinal chemistry, P-chloroiodobenzene and its derivatives have shown potential biological activity. Some studies have shown that these compounds have inhibitory effects on specific cancer cell lines and are expected to be developed as new anti-cancer drugs. In addition, it has also attracted attention in the field of radiopharmaceuticals. Iodine atoms can be replaced by radioactive iodine isotopes for the preparation of radiolabeled drugs for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, such as the preparation of radioactive tracers in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging technology.

In the field of materials science, P-chloroiodobenzene can be used as a monomer for the synthesis of functional polymer materials. Through polymerization, it is introduced into the polymer skeleton, giving the material unique photoelectric properties. For example, the preparation of halogenated aryl-containing conjugated polymers, which exhibit good charge transport and luminescence properties in organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), organic solar cells and other optoelectronic devices, providing a new material choice for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices.

From this point of view, P-chloroiodobenzene has important uses in many fields, and with the continuous development of science and technology, its application prospects will be broader.

What are the physical properties of P-chloroiodobenzene?

P-chloroiodobenzene is also an organic compound. Its physical properties are as follows:
Looking at it, this substance is a solid at room temperature, and its color is white to light yellow. Because of the orderly arrangement of molecular structures, the intermolecular forces at room temperature make the substance solid. And this color is caused by the transition of electrons within the molecule to absorb visible light of a specific wavelength and reflect the rest of the visible light.
On the basis of its melting point, it is about 35-39 ° C. This is because when the temperature rises to a specific value, the thermal motion of the molecule intensifies, which is enough to overcome the lattice energy, the lattice structure disintegrates, and the substance changes from solid to liquid.
As for the boiling point, it is about 236-238 ° C. When the temperature reaches the boiling point, the molecule gains enough energy to break free from the liquid phase and escape into the gas phase.
In terms of solubility, P-chloroiodobenzene is insoluble in water. This is because there is a strong hydrogen bond between water molecules, while P-chloroiodobenzene is a non-polar molecule, and there is only a weak dispersion force between water molecules, which cannot overcome the hydrogen bond energy between water molecules, so it is insoluble. However, it is soluble in organic solvents, such as ether, chloroform, benzene, etc. Due to the principle of similar phase solubility, organic solvents are mostly non-polar or weakly polar, which is similar to the force between P-chloroiodobenzene molecules, and easy to mix with each other.
Its density is greater than that of water. Due to the large relative atomic weight of chlorine and iodine atoms in the molecule, the mass per unit volume is increased, so the density is greater than that of water. This density characteristic makes it sink to the bottom when mixed with water.

What are the preparation methods of P-chloroiodobenzene?

There are several ways to prepare P-chloroiodobenzene, as well as organic compounds.

One is the electrophilic substitution method. Using benzene as the starting material, the electrophilic substitution reaction occurs with chlorine first to obtain chlorobenzene. This reaction requires ferric chloride as a catalyst. At an appropriate temperature, benzene reacts with chlorine gas, and chlorine atoms replace hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring to obtain chlorobenzene. Then, chlorobenzene reacts with iodine under appropriate conditions. Iodine chloride (ICl) and other reagents can be used to replace hydrogen atoms at specific positions on the chlorobenzene ring under the catalysis of Lewis acid such as aluminum trichloride to obtain P-chloroiodobenzene. The chlorine atom on the Gein ring is an ortho-para-localization group, so that the reaction mainly generates para-substituted products.

The second is the halogenated metal reagent method. The p-chlorophenyl magnesium halide (prepared by the reaction of p-chlorobrobenzene or p-chloroiodobenzene with magnesium in anhydrous ether and other solvents) is reacted with an iodine reagent. First, the p-chlorophenyl magnesium halide is prepared, which is a Grignard reagent with high activity. After that, it is reacted with iodine elemental or other suitable iodine-containing reagents at a low temperature and in an anhydrous and anaerobic environment to generate P-chloroiodobenzene. This process requires strict control of the reaction conditions to avoid side < Br >
There is also a method using aryl diazonium salt as the intermediate. First, p-chlorobenzene diazonium salt is prepared from p-chloroaniline, and p-chlorobenzene diazonium salt is obtained by treating p-chloroaniline with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature. Then, the p-chlorobenzene diazonium salt is reacted with iodine-containing reagents such as potassium iodide, and the diazonium group is replaced by iodine atoms to obtain P-chloroiodobenzene. This method requires low temperature operation to ensure the stability of the diazonium salt, and the control of the reaction conditions of each step is related to the